diff options
| author | XhmikosR <[email protected]> | 2021-01-19 08:34:18 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | XhmikosR <[email protected]> | 2021-01-19 18:20:37 +0200 |
| commit | 0bb8f991a032ff984f45ede26b53643ffa93891b (patch) | |
| tree | b5c124360151f417b9a4c15f2a5a6f9e4389095c /docs/4.6/layout | |
| parent | b298dc0b34fd1ca73e8aa83e57fac4151bfbc3db (diff) | |
| download | bootstrap-0bb8f991a032ff984f45ede26b53643ffa93891b.tar.xz bootstrap-0bb8f991a032ff984f45ede26b53643ffa93891b.zip | |
Add v4.6.0 docs
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/4.6/layout')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/4.6/layout/grid/index.html | 1362 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/4.6/layout/index.html | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/4.6/layout/overview/index.html | 473 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/index.html | 270 |
4 files changed, 2116 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/4.6/layout/grid/index.html b/docs/4.6/layout/grid/index.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..96f4a6f63 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/4.6/layout/grid/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,1362 @@ +<!doctype html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> +<meta name="description" content="Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes."> +<meta name="author" content="Mark Otto, Jacob Thornton, and Bootstrap contributors"> +<meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.80.0"> + +<meta name="docsearch:language" content="en"> +<meta name="docsearch:version" content="4.6"> + +<title>Grid system · Bootstrap v4.6</title> + +<link rel="canonical" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/grid/"> + + + +<!-- Bootstrap core CSS --> +<link href="/docs/4.6/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-B0vP5xmATw1+K9KRQjQERJvTumQW0nPEzvF6L/Z6nronJ3oUOFUFpCjEUQouq2+l" crossorigin="anonymous"> + +<!-- Documentation extras --> +<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<link href="/docs/4.6/assets/css/docs.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<!-- Favicons --> +<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png" sizes="180x180"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" type="image/png"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" type="image/png"> +<link rel="manifest" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/manifest.json"> +<link rel="mask-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#563d7c"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon.ico"> +<meta name="msapplication-config" content="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> +<meta name="theme-color" content="#563d7c"> + +<!-- Twitter --> +<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> +<meta name="twitter:site" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:title" content="Grid system"> +<meta name="twitter:description" content="Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes."> +<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social-logo.png"> + +<!-- Facebook --> +<meta property="og:url" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/grid/"> +<meta property="og:title" content="Grid system"> +<meta property="og:description" content="Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes."> +<meta property="og:type" content="article"> +<meta property="og:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social.png"> +<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> +<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> +<meta property="og:image:height" content="630"> + +<script> + window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; + ga('create', 'UA-146052-10', 'getbootstrap.com'); + ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); + ga('send', 'pageview'); +</script> +<script async src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script> + + + </head> + <body> + <div class="skippy overflow-hidden"> + <div class="container-xl"> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#content">Skip to main content</a> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-none d-md-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#bd-docs-nav">Skip to docs navigation</a> + </div> +</div> + + + <header class="navbar navbar-expand navbar-dark flex-column flex-md-row bd-navbar"> + <a class="navbar-brand mr-0 mr-md-2" href="/" aria-label="Bootstrap"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="36" height="36" class="d-block" viewBox="0 0 612 612" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Bootstrap</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M510 8a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94 94v408a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94 94H102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94-94V102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94-94h408m0-8H102C45.9 0 0 45.9 0 102v408c0 56.1 45.9 102 102 102h408c56.1 0 102-45.9 102-102V102C612 45.9 566.1 0 510 0z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M196.77 471.5V154.43h124.15c54.27 0 91 31.64 91 79.1 0 33-24.17 63.72-54.71 69.21v1.76c43.07 5.49 70.75 35.82 70.75 78 0 55.81-40 89-107.45 89zm39.55-180.4h63.28c46.8 0 72.29-18.68 72.29-53 0-31.42-21.53-48.78-60-48.78h-75.57zm78.22 145.46c47.68 0 72.73-19.34 72.73-56s-25.93-55.37-76.46-55.37h-74.49v111.4z"/></svg> + </a> + + <div class="navbar-nav-scroll"> + <ul class="navbar-nav bd-navbar-nav flex-row"> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Bootstrap');">Home</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link active" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Docs');">Documentation</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/docs/4.6/examples/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Examples');">Examples</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://icons.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Icons');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Icons</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://themes.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Themes');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Themes</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://expo.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Expo');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Expo</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://blog.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Blog');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blog</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <ul class="navbar-nav ml-md-auto"> + <li class="nav-item dropdown"> + <a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle mr-md-2" href="#" id="bd-versions" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> + v4.6 + </a> + <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-md-right" aria-labelledby="bd-versions"> + <a class="dropdown-item active" href="/docs/4.6/">Latest (4.6.x)</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/">5.0.x</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/3.4/">v3.4.1</a> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/2.3.2/">v2.3.2</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="/docs/versions/">All versions</a> + </div> + </li> + + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link pl-2 pr-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://github.com/twbs" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="GitHub"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 499.36" role="img" focusable="false"><title>GitHub</title><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M256 0C114.64 0 0 114.61 0 256c0 113.09 73.34 209 175.08 242.9 12.8 2.35 17.47-5.56 17.47-12.34 0-6.08-.22-22.18-.35-43.54-71.2 15.49-86.2-34.34-86.2-34.34-11.64-29.57-28.42-37.45-28.42-37.45-23.27-15.84 1.73-15.55 1.73-15.55 25.69 1.81 39.21 26.38 39.21 26.38 22.84 39.12 59.92 27.82 74.5 21.27 2.33-16.54 8.94-27.82 16.25-34.22-56.84-6.43-116.6-28.43-116.6-126.49 0-27.95 10-50.8 26.35-68.69-2.63-6.48-11.42-32.5 2.51-67.75 0 0 21.49-6.88 70.4 26.24a242.65 242.65 0 0 1 128.18 0c48.87-33.13 70.33-26.24 70.33-26.24 14 35.25 5.18 61.27 2.55 67.75 16.41 17.9 26.31 40.75 26.31 68.69 0 98.35-59.85 120-116.88 126.32 9.19 7.9 17.38 23.53 17.38 47.41 0 34.22-.31 61.83-.31 70.23 0 6.85 4.61 14.81 17.6 12.31C438.72 464.97 512 369.08 512 256.02 512 114.62 397.37 0 256 0z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://twitter.com/getbootstrap" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Twitter"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 416.32" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Twitter</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M160.83 416.32c193.2 0 298.92-160.22 298.92-298.92 0-4.51 0-9-.2-13.52A214 214 0 0 0 512 49.38a212.93 212.93 0 0 1-60.44 16.6 105.7 105.7 0 0 0 46.3-58.19 209 209 0 0 1-66.79 25.37 105.09 105.09 0 0 0-181.73 71.91 116.12 116.12 0 0 0 2.66 24c-87.28-4.3-164.73-46.3-216.56-109.82A105.48 105.48 0 0 0 68 159.6a106.27 106.27 0 0 1-47.53-13.11v1.43a105.28 105.28 0 0 0 84.21 103.06 105.67 105.67 0 0 1-47.33 1.84 105.06 105.06 0 0 0 98.14 72.94A210.72 210.72 0 0 1 25 370.84a202.17 202.17 0 0 1-25-1.43 298.85 298.85 0 0 0 160.83 46.92"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Slack"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Slack</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M210.787 234.832l68.31-22.883 22.1 65.977-68.309 22.882z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M490.54 185.6C437.7 9.59 361.6-31.34 185.6 21.46S-31.3 150.4 21.46 326.4 150.4 543.3 326.4 490.54 543.34 361.6 490.54 185.6zM401.7 299.8l-33.15 11.05 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.38-68.36 22.92 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.43-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56l33.12-11.03-22.1-65.9-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.48-13.93 2.89-29.07 16.81-33.58l33.15-11.05-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.46 34.38 68.36-22.92-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.47 34.42 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56L329.7 194.6l22.1 65.9 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.88 29.07-16.81 33.57z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://opencollective.com/bootstrap/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Open Collective"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 40 41" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Open Collective</title><path fill-opacity=".4" d="M32.8 21c0 2.4-.8 4.9-2 6.9l5.1 5.1c2.5-3.4 4.1-7.6 4.1-12 0-4.6-1.6-8.8-4-12.2L30.7 14c1.2 2 2 4.3 2 7z"/><path d="M20 33.7a12.8 12.8 0 0 1 0-25.6c2.6 0 5 .7 7 2.1L32 5a20 20 0 1 0 .1 31.9l-5-5.2a13 13 0 0 1-7 2z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + </ul> + + <a class="btn btn-bd-download d-none d-lg-inline-block mb-3 mb-md-0 ml-md-3" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/download/">Download</a> +</header> + + + <div class="container-fluid"> + <div class="row flex-xl-nowrap"> + <div class="col-md-3 col-xl-2 bd-sidebar"> + <form role="search" class="bd-search d-flex align-items-center"> + <input type="search" class="form-control" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search for..." autocomplete="off" data-docs-version="4.6"> + <button class="btn bd-search-docs-toggle d-md-none p-0 ml-3" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bd-docs-nav" aria-controls="bd-docs-nav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle docs navigation"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Menu</title><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"/></svg> + </button> +</form> + +<div class="collapse d-md-block row" id="bd-docs-nav"> + <nav class="bd-links" aria-label="Main navigation"> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/"> + Getting started + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item active"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + Layout + </a> + <ul class="nav bd-sidenav"> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/">Overview</a> + </li> + <li class="active bd-sidenav-active"> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/grid/">Grid</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/">Utilities for layout</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/content/reboot/"> + Content + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/components/alerts/"> + Components + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/utilities/borders/"> + Utilities + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/extend/approach/"> + Extend + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/migration/"> + Migration + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/about/overview/"> + About + </a> + </div> + </nav> +</div> + + </div> + + + <nav class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc" aria-label="Secondary navigation"> + <nav id="TableOfContents"> + <ul> + <li><a href="#how-it-works">How it works</a></li> + <li><a href="#grid-options">Grid options</a></li> + <li><a href="#auto-layout-columns">Auto-layout columns</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#equal-width">Equal-width</a></li> + <li><a href="#equal-width-multi-line">Equal-width multi-line</a></li> + <li><a href="#setting-one-column-width">Setting one column width</a></li> + <li><a href="#variable-width-content">Variable width content</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#responsive-classes">Responsive classes</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#all-breakpoints">All breakpoints</a></li> + <li><a href="#stacked-to-horizontal">Stacked to horizontal</a></li> + <li><a href="#mix-and-match">Mix and match</a></li> + <li><a href="#gutters">Gutters</a></li> + <li><a href="#row-columns">Row columns</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#alignment">Alignment</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#vertical-alignment">Vertical alignment</a></li> + <li><a href="#horizontal-alignment">Horizontal alignment</a></li> + <li><a href="#no-gutters">No gutters</a></li> + <li><a href="#column-wrapping">Column wrapping</a></li> + <li><a href="#column-breaks">Column breaks</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#reordering">Reordering</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#order-classes">Order classes</a></li> + <li><a href="#offsetting-columns">Offsetting columns</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#offset-classes">Offset classes</a></li> + <li><a href="#margin-utilities">Margin utilities</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#nesting">Nesting</a></li> + <li><a href="#sass-mixins">Sass mixins</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#variables">Variables</a></li> + <li><a href="#mixins">Mixins</a></li> + <li><a href="#example-usage">Example usage</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#customizing-the-grid">Customizing the grid</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#columns-and-gutters">Columns and gutters</a></li> + <li><a href="#grid-tiers">Grid tiers</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> +</nav> + </nav> + + + <main class="col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main"> + <div class="d-md-flex flex-md-row-reverse align-items-center justify-content-between"> + <a class="btn btn-sm btn-bd-light my-2 my-md-0" href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4-dev/site/content/docs/4.6/layout/grid.md" title="View and edit this file on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View on GitHub</a> + <h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Grid system</h1> + </div> + <p class="bd-lead">Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes.</p> + <script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script> + + <h2 id="how-it-works">How it works</h2> +<p>Bootstrap’s grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It’s built with <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Flexbox">flexbox</a> and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together.</p> +<p><strong>New to or unfamiliar with flexbox?</strong> <a href="https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/#flexbox-background">Read this CSS Tricks flexbox guide</a> for background, terminology, guidelines, and code snippets.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col-sm"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col-sm"> + One of three columns + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<p>The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent <code>.container</code>.</p> +<p>Breaking it down, here’s how it works:</p> +<ul> +<li>Containers provide a means to center and horizontally pad your site’s contents. Use <code>.container</code> for a responsive pixel width or <code>.container-fluid</code> for <code>width: 100%</code> across all viewport and device sizes.</li> +<li>Rows are wrappers for columns. Each column has horizontal <code>padding</code> (called a gutter) for controlling the space between them. This <code>padding</code> is then counteracted on the rows with negative margins. This way, all the content in your columns is visually aligned down the left side.</li> +<li>In a grid layout, content must be placed within columns and only columns may be immediate children of rows.</li> +<li>Thanks to flexbox, grid columns without a specified <code>width</code> will automatically layout as equal width columns. For example, four instances of <code>.col-sm</code> will each automatically be 25% wide from the small breakpoint and up. See the <a href="#auto-layout-columns">auto-layout columns</a> section for more examples.</li> +<li>Column classes indicate the number of columns you’d like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So, if you want three equal-width columns across, you can use <code>.col-4</code>.</li> +<li>Column <code>width</code>s are set in percentages, so they’re always fluid and sized relative to their parent element.</li> +<li>Columns have horizontal <code>padding</code> to create the gutters between individual columns, however, you can remove the <code>margin</code> from rows and <code>padding</code> from columns with <code>.no-gutters</code> on the <code>.row</code>.</li> +<li>To make the grid responsive, there are five grid breakpoints, one for each <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints">responsive breakpoint</a>: all breakpoints (extra small), small, medium, large, and extra large.</li> +<li>Grid breakpoints are based on minimum width media queries, meaning <strong>they apply to that one breakpoint and all those above it</strong> (e.g., <code>.col-sm-4</code> applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices, but not the first <code>xs</code> breakpoint).</li> +<li>You can use predefined grid classes (like <code>.col-4</code>) or <a href="#sass-mixins">Sass mixins</a> for more semantic markup.</li> +</ul> +<p>Be aware of the limitations and <a href="https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs">bugs around flexbox</a>, like the <a href="https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#flexbug-9">inability to use some HTML elements as flex containers</a>.</p> +<h2 id="grid-options">Grid options</h2> +<p>While Bootstrap uses <code>em</code>s or <code>rem</code>s for defining most sizes, <code>px</code>s are used for grid breakpoints and container widths. This is because the viewport width is in pixels and does not change with the <a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/mediaqueries-3/#units">font size</a>.</p> +<p>See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table.</p> +<table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th></th> + <th class="text-center"> + Extra small<br> + <small><576px</small> + </th> + <th class="text-center"> + Small<br> + <small>≥576px</small> + </th> + <th class="text-center"> + Medium<br> + <small>≥768px</small> + </th> + <th class="text-center"> + Large<br> + <small>≥992px</small> + </th> + <th class="text-center"> + Extra large<br> + <small>≥1200px</small> + </th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row">Max container width</th> + <td>None (auto)</td> + <td>540px</td> + <td>720px</td> + <td>960px</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row">Class prefix</th> + <td><code>.col-</code></td> + <td><code>.col-sm-</code></td> + <td><code>.col-md-</code></td> + <td><code>.col-lg-</code></td> + <td><code>.col-xl-</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row"># of columns</th> + <td colspan="5">12</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row">Gutter width</th> + <td colspan="5">30px (15px on each side of a column)</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row">Nestable</th> + <td colspan="5">Yes</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th class="text-nowrap" scope="row">Column ordering</th> + <td colspan="5">Yes</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<h2 id="auto-layout-columns">Auto-layout columns</h2> +<p>Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for easy column sizing without an explicit numbered class like <code>.col-sm-6</code>.</p> +<h3 id="equal-width">Equal-width</h3> +<p>For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from <code>xs</code> to <code>xl</code>. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + 1 of 2 + </div> + <div class="col"> + 2 of 2 + </div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + 1 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col"> + 2 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col"> + 3 of 3 + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 2 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 2 of 2 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 2 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 3 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="equal-width-multi-line">Equal-width multi-line</h3> +<p>Create equal-width columns that span multiple lines by inserting a <code>.w-100</code> where you want the columns to break to a new line. Make the breaks responsive by mixing <code>.w-100</code> with some <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/display/">responsive display utilities</a>.</p> +<p>There was a <a href="https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#flexbug-11">Safari flexbox bug</a> that prevented this from working without an explicit <code>flex-basis</code> or <code>border</code>. There are workarounds for older browser versions, but they shouldn’t be necessary if your target browsers don’t fall into the buggy versions.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="w-100"></div> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="col">col</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"w-100"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="setting-one-column-width">Setting one column width</h3> +<p>Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + 1 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col-6"> + 2 of 3 (wider) + </div> + <div class="col"> + 3 of 3 + </div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + 1 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col-5"> + 2 of 3 (wider) + </div> + <div class="col"> + 3 of 3 + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6"</span><span class="p">></span> + 2 of 3 (wider) + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 3 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-5"</span><span class="p">></span> + 2 of 3 (wider) + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 3 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="variable-width-content">Variable width content</h3> +<p>Use <code>col-{breakpoint}-auto</code> classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row justify-content-md-center"> + <div class="col col-lg-2"> + 1 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col-md-auto"> + Variable width content + </div> + <div class="col col-lg-2"> + 3 of 3 + </div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + 1 of 3 + </div> + <div class="col-md-auto"> + Variable width content + </div> + <div class="col col-lg-2"> + 3 of 3 + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-md-center"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col col-lg-2"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-auto"</span><span class="p">></span> + Variable width content + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col col-lg-2"</span><span class="p">></span> + 3 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + 1 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-auto"</span><span class="p">></span> + Variable width content + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col col-lg-2"</span><span class="p">></span> + 3 of 3 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h2 id="responsive-classes">Responsive classes</h2> +<p>Bootstrap’s grid includes five tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit.</p> +<h3 id="all-breakpoints">All breakpoints</h3> +<p>For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the <code>.col</code> and <code>.col-*</code> classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to <code>.col</code>.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="col">col</div> + <div class="col">col</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-8">col-8</div> + <div class="col-4">col-4</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>col<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-8"</span><span class="p">></span>col-8<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span>col-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="stacked-to-horizontal">Stacked to horizontal</h3> +<p>Using a single set of <code>.col-sm-*</code> classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked and becomes horizontal at the small breakpoint (<code>sm</code>).</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm-8">col-sm-8</div> + <div class="col-sm-4">col-sm-4</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm">col-sm</div> + <div class="col-sm">col-sm</div> + <div class="col-sm">col-sm</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-8"</span><span class="p">></span>col-sm-8<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-4"</span><span class="p">></span>col-sm-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span>col-sm<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span>col-sm<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm"</span><span class="p">></span>col-sm<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="mix-and-match">Mix and match</h3> +<p>Don’t want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full-width and the other half-width --> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div> + <div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div> + </div> + + <!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop --> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div> + <div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div> + <div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div> + </div> + + <!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop --> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-6">.col-6</div> + <div class="col-6">.col-6</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="c"><!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full-width and the other half-width --></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-8"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-8<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="c"><!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop --></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="c"><!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop --></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="gutters">Gutters</h3> +<p>Gutters can be responsively adjusted by breakpoint-specific padding and negative margin utility classes. To change the gutters in a given row, pair a negative margin utility on the <code>.row</code> and matching padding utilities on the <code>.col</code>s. The <code>.container</code> or <code>.container-fluid</code> parent may need to be adjusted too to avoid unwanted overflow, using again matching padding utility.</p> +<p>Here’s an example of customizing the Bootstrap grid at the large (<code>lg</code>) breakpoint and above. We’ve increased the <code>.col</code> padding with <code>.px-lg-5</code>, counteracted that with <code>.mx-lg-n5</code> on the parent <code>.row</code> and then adjusted the <code>.container</code> wrapper with <code>.px-lg-5</code>.</p> +<div class="bd-example"> +<div class="container px-lg-5"> + <div class="row mx-lg-n5"> + <div class="col py-3 px-lg-5 border bg-light">Custom column padding</div> + <div class="col py-3 px-lg-5 border bg-light">Custom column padding</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container px-lg-5"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row mx-lg-n5"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col py-3 px-lg-5 border bg-light"</span><span class="p">></span>Custom column padding<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col py-3 px-lg-5 border bg-light"</span><span class="p">></span>Custom column padding<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="row-columns">Row columns</h3> +<p>Use the responsive <code>.row-cols-*</code> classes to quickly set the number of columns that best render your content and layout. Whereas normal <code>.col-*</code> classes apply to the individual columns (e.g., <code>.col-md-4</code>), the row columns classes are set on the parent <code>.row</code> as a shortcut.</p> +<p>Use these row columns classes to quickly create basic grid layouts or to control your card layouts.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row row-cols-2"> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row row-cols-2"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row row-cols-3"> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row row-cols-3"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row row-cols-4"> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row row-cols-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row row-cols-4"> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col-6">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row row-cols-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-md-4"> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + <div class="col">Column</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span>Column<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<p>You can also use the accompanying Sass mixin, <code>row-cols()</code>:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nc">.element</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="c1">// Three columns to start +</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> row-cols</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span> + + <span class="c1">// Five columns from medium breakpoint up +</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> row-cols</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><h2 id="alignment">Alignment</h2> +<p>Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. <strong>Internet Explorer 10-11 do not support vertical alignment of flex items when the flex container has a <code>min-height</code> as shown below.</strong> <a href="https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#flexbug-3">See Flexbugs #3 for more details.</a></p> +<h3 id="vertical-alignment">Vertical alignment</h3> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row bd-example-row-flex-cols"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row align-items-start"> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row align-items-center"> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row align-items-end"> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col"> + One of three columns + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row align-items-start"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row align-items-center"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row align-items-end"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row bd-example-row-flex-cols"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col align-self-start"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col align-self-center"> + One of three columns + </div> + <div class="col align-self-end"> + One of three columns + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col align-self-start"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col align-self-center"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col align-self-end"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of three columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="horizontal-alignment">Horizontal alignment</h3> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row justify-content-start"> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row justify-content-center"> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row justify-content-end"> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row justify-content-around"> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + </div> + <div class="row justify-content-between"> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + <div class="col-4"> + One of two columns + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-start"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-center"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-end"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-around"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row justify-content-between"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span> + One of two columns + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="no-gutters">No gutters</h3> +<p>The gutters between columns in our predefined grid classes can be removed with <code>.no-gutters</code>. This removes the negative <code>margin</code>s from <code>.row</code> and the horizontal <code>padding</code> from all immediate children columns.</p> +<p>Here’s the source code for creating these styles. Note that column overrides are scoped to only the first children columns and are targeted via <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors">attribute selector</a>. While this generates a more specific selector, column padding can still be further customized with <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/spacing/">spacing utilities</a>.</p> +<p><strong>Need an edge-to-edge design?</strong> Drop the parent <code>.container</code> or <code>.container-fluid</code>.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nc">.no-gutters</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nt">margin-right</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">0</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="nt">margin-left</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">0</span><span class="p">;</span> + + <span class="o">></span> <span class="nc">.col</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="o">></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="nt">class</span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="s2">"col-"</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nt">padding-right</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">0</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="nt">padding-left</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">0</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>In practice, here’s how it looks. Note you can continue to use this with all other predefined grid classes (including column widths, responsive tiers, reorders, and more).</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="row no-gutters"> + <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-8">.col-sm-6 .col-md-8</div> + <div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row no-gutters"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-6 col-md-8"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-sm-6 .col-md-8<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="column-wrapping">Column wrapping</h3> +<p>If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-9">.col-9</div> + <div class="col-4">.col-4<br>Since 9 + 4 = 13 > 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a new line as one contiguous unit.</div> + <div class="col-6">.col-6<br>Subsequent columns continue along the new line.</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-9"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-9<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-4<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">></span>Since 9 + 4 = 13 <span class="ni">&gt;</span> 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a new line as one contiguous unit.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">br</span><span class="p">></span>Subsequent columns continue along the new line.<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="column-breaks">Column breaks</h3> +<p>Breaking columns to a new line in flexbox requires a small hack: add an element with <code>width: 100%</code> wherever you want to wrap your columns to a new line. Normally this is accomplished with multiple <code>.row</code>s, but not every implementation method can account for this.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div> + + <!-- Force next columns to break to new line --> + <div class="w-100"></div> + + <div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-3">.col-6 .col-sm-3</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="c"><!-- Force next columns to break to new line --></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"w-100"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<p>You may also apply this break at specific breakpoints with our <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/display/">responsive display utilities</a>.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div> + + <!-- Force next columns to break to new line at md breakpoint and up --> + <div class="w-100 d-none d-md-block"></div> + + <div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div> + <div class="col-6 col-sm-4">.col-6 .col-sm-4</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="c"><!-- Force next columns to break to new line at md breakpoint and up --></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"w-100 d-none d-md-block"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-6 col-sm-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-6 .col-sm-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h2 id="reordering">Reordering</h2> +<h3 id="order-classes">Order classes</h3> +<p>Use <code>.order-</code> classes for controlling the <strong>visual order</strong> of your content. These classes are responsive, so you can set the <code>order</code> by breakpoint (e.g., <code>.order-1.order-md-2</code>). Includes support for <code>1</code> through <code>12</code> across all five grid tiers.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col"> + First in DOM, no order applied + </div> + <div class="col order-12"> + Second in DOM, with a larger order + </div> + <div class="col order-1"> + Third in DOM, with an order of 1 + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + First in DOM, no order applied + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col order-12"</span><span class="p">></span> + Second in DOM, with a larger order + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col order-1"</span><span class="p">></span> + Third in DOM, with an order of 1 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<p>There are also responsive <code>.order-first</code> and <code>.order-last</code> classes that change the <code>order</code> of an element by applying <code>order: -1</code> and <code>order: 13</code> (<code>order: $columns + 1</code>), respectively. These classes can also be intermixed with the numbered <code>.order-*</code> classes as needed.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col order-last"> + First in DOM, ordered last + </div> + <div class="col"> + Second in DOM, unordered + </div> + <div class="col order-first"> + Third in DOM, ordered first + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col order-last"</span><span class="p">></span> + First in DOM, ordered last + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col"</span><span class="p">></span> + Second in DOM, unordered + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col order-first"</span><span class="p">></span> + Third in DOM, ordered first + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h3 id="offsetting-columns">Offsetting columns</h3> +<p>You can offset grid columns in two ways: our responsive <code>.offset-</code> grid classes and our <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/spacing/">margin utilities</a>. Grid classes are sized to match columns while margins are more useful for quick layouts where the width of the offset is variable.</p> +<h4 id="offset-classes">Offset classes</h4> +<p>Move columns to the right using <code>.offset-md-*</code> classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by <code>*</code> columns. For example, <code>.offset-md-4</code> moves <code>.col-md-4</code> over four columns.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div> + <div class="col-md-4 offset-md-4">.col-md-4 .offset-md-4</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-3 offset-md-3">.col-md-3 .offset-md-3</div> + <div class="col-md-3 offset-md-3">.col-md-3 .offset-md-3</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-6 offset-md-3">.col-md-6 .offset-md-3</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-4 offset-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-4 .offset-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-3 offset-md-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-3 .offset-md-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-3 offset-md-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-3 .offset-md-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-6 offset-md-3"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-6 .offset-md-3<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<p>In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to reset offsets. See this in action in <a href="/docs/4.6/examples/grid/">the grid example</a>.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm-5 col-md-6">.col-sm-5 .col-md-6</div> + <div class="col-sm-5 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-0">.col-sm-5 .offset-sm-2 .col-md-6 .offset-md-0</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-lg-6">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6</div> + <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-5 offset-md-2 col-lg-6 offset-lg-0">.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .offset-md-2 .col-lg-6 .offset-lg-0</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-5 col-md-6"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-sm-5 .col-md-6<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-5 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-0"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-sm-5 .offset-sm-2 .col-md-6 .offset-md-0<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-6 col-md-5 col-lg-6"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-6 col-md-5 offset-md-2 col-lg-6 offset-lg-0"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .offset-md-2 .col-lg-6 .offset-lg-0<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h4 id="margin-utilities">Margin utilities</h4> +<p>With the move to flexbox in v4, you can use margin utilities like <code>.mr-auto</code> to force sibling columns away from one another.</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div> + <div class="col-md-4 ml-auto">.col-md-4 .ml-auto</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-md-3 ml-md-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-md-auto</div> + <div class="col-md-3 ml-md-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-md-auto</div> + </div> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-auto mr-auto">.col-auto .mr-auto</div> + <div class="col-auto">.col-auto</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-4"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-4<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-4 ml-auto"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-4 .ml-auto<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-3 ml-md-auto"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-3 .ml-md-auto<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-md-3 ml-md-auto"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-md-3 .ml-md-auto<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-auto mr-auto"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-auto .mr-auto<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-auto"</span><span class="p">></span>.col-auto<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h2 id="nesting">Nesting</h2> +<p>To nest your content with the default grid, add a new <code>.row</code> and set of <code>.col-sm-*</code> columns within an existing <code>.col-sm-*</code> column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns).</p> +<div class="bd-example bd-example-row"> +<div class="container"> + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-sm-9"> + Level 1: .col-sm-9 + <div class="row"> + <div class="col-8 col-sm-6"> + Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6 + </div> + <div class="col-4 col-sm-6"> + Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6 + </div> + </div> + </div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="p">></span> + Level 1: .col-sm-9 + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-8 col-sm-6"</span><span class="p">></span> + Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"col-4 col-sm-6"</span><span class="p">></span> + Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6 + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h2 id="sass-mixins">Sass mixins</h2> +<p>When using Bootstrap’s source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our predefined grid classes use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts.</p> +<h3 id="variables">Variables</h3> +<p>Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nv">$grid-columns</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$grid-gutter-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="nv">$grid-breakpoints</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span> + <span class="c1">// Extra small screen / phone</span> + <span class="n">xs</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="c1">// Small screen / phone</span> + <span class="n">sm</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">576</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="c1">// Medium screen / tablet</span> + <span class="n">md</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">768</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="c1">// Large screen / desktop</span> + <span class="n">lg</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">992</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="c1">// Extra large screen / wide desktop</span> + <span class="n">xl</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1200</span><span class="kt">px</span> +<span class="p">);</span> + +<span class="nv">$container-max-widths</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span> + <span class="n">sm</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">540</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">md</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">720</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">lg</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">960</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">xl</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1140</span><span class="kt">px</span> +<span class="p">);</span> +</code></pre></div><h3 id="mixins">Mixins</h3> +<p>Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-row</span><span class="p">();</span> + +<span class="c1">// Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col-ready</span><span class="p">();</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$size</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nv">$columns</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$grid-columns</span><span class="p">);</span> + +<span class="c1">// Get fancy by offsetting, or changing the sort order +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col-offset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$size</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nv">$columns</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$grid-columns</span><span class="p">);</span> +</code></pre></div><h3 id="example-usage">Example usage</h3> +<p>You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here’s an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nc">.example-container</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-container</span><span class="p">();</span> + <span class="c1">// Make sure to define this width after the mixin to override +</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="c1">// `width: 100%` generated by `make-container()` +</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nt">width</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">800px</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="nc">.example-row</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-row</span><span class="p">();</span> +<span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="nc">.example-content-main</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col-ready</span><span class="p">();</span> + + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="p">}</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="nc">.example-content-secondary</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col-ready</span><span class="p">();</span> + + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="p">}</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> make-col</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><div class="bd-example"> +<div class="example-container"> + <div class="example-row"> + <div class="example-content-main">Main content</div> + <div class="example-content-secondary">Secondary content</div> + </div> +</div> +</div><div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"example-container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"example-row"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"example-content-main"</span><span class="p">></span>Main content<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"example-content-secondary"</span><span class="p">></span>Secondary content<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span></code></pre></div> +<h2 id="customizing-the-grid">Customizing the grid</h2> +<p>Using our built-in grid Sass variables and maps, it’s possible to completely customize the predefined grid classes. Change the number of tiers, the media query dimensions, and the container widths—then recompile.</p> +<h3 id="columns-and-gutters">Columns and gutters</h3> +<p>The number of grid columns can be modified via Sass variables. <code>$grid-columns</code> is used to generate the widths (in percent) of each individual column while <code>$grid-gutter-width</code> sets the width for the column gutters.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nv">$grid-columns</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">12</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$grid-gutter-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="kt">px</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +</code></pre></div><h3 id="grid-tiers">Grid tiers</h3> +<p>Moving beyond the columns themselves, you may also customize the number of grid tiers. If you wanted just four grid tiers, you’d update the <code>$grid-breakpoints</code> and <code>$container-max-widths</code> to something like this:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nv">$grid-breakpoints</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span> + <span class="n">xs</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">sm</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">480</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">md</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">768</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">lg</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1024</span><span class="kt">px</span> +<span class="p">);</span> + +<span class="nv">$container-max-widths</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span> + <span class="n">sm</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">420</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">md</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">720</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="o">,</span> + <span class="n">lg</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">960</span><span class="kt">px</span> +<span class="p">);</span> +</code></pre></div><p>When making any changes to the Sass variables or maps, you’ll need to save your changes and recompile. Doing so will output a brand new set of predefined grid classes for column widths, offsets, and ordering. Responsive visibility utilities will also be updated to use the custom breakpoints. Make sure to set grid values in <code>px</code> (not <code>rem</code>, <code>em</code>, or <code>%</code>).</p> + + </main> + </div> + </div> + + <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-DfXdz2htPH0lsSSs5nCTpuj/zy4C+OGpamoFVy38MVBnE+IbbVYUew+OrCXaRkfj" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> +<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/vendor/jquery.slim.min.js"><\/script>')</script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-Piv4xVNRyMGpqkS2by6br4gNJ7DXjqk09RmUpJ8jgGtD7zP9yug3goQfGII0yAns" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> + + +<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.js"></script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/docs.min.js"></script> + + </body> +</html> diff --git a/docs/4.6/layout/index.html b/docs/4.6/layout/index.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8833f6fe4 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/4.6/layout/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +<!doctype html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> + <title>https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/overview/</title> + <link rel="canonical" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> + <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + </head> +</html> diff --git a/docs/4.6/layout/overview/index.html b/docs/4.6/layout/overview/index.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc29fdf2c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/4.6/layout/overview/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,473 @@ +<!doctype html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> +<meta name="description" content="Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes."> +<meta name="author" content="Mark Otto, Jacob Thornton, and Bootstrap contributors"> +<meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.80.0"> + +<meta name="docsearch:language" content="en"> +<meta name="docsearch:version" content="4.6"> + +<title>Overview · Bootstrap v4.6</title> + +<link rel="canonical" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + + + +<!-- Bootstrap core CSS --> +<link href="/docs/4.6/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-B0vP5xmATw1+K9KRQjQERJvTumQW0nPEzvF6L/Z6nronJ3oUOFUFpCjEUQouq2+l" crossorigin="anonymous"> + +<!-- Documentation extras --> +<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<link href="/docs/4.6/assets/css/docs.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<!-- Favicons --> +<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png" sizes="180x180"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" type="image/png"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" type="image/png"> +<link rel="manifest" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/manifest.json"> +<link rel="mask-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#563d7c"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon.ico"> +<meta name="msapplication-config" content="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> +<meta name="theme-color" content="#563d7c"> + +<!-- Twitter --> +<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> +<meta name="twitter:site" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:title" content="Overview"> +<meta name="twitter:description" content="Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes."> +<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social-logo.png"> + +<!-- Facebook --> +<meta property="og:url" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> +<meta property="og:title" content="Overview"> +<meta property="og:description" content="Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes."> +<meta property="og:type" content="article"> +<meta property="og:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social.png"> +<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> +<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> +<meta property="og:image:height" content="630"> + +<script> + window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; + ga('create', 'UA-146052-10', 'getbootstrap.com'); + ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); + ga('send', 'pageview'); +</script> +<script async src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script> + + + </head> + <body> + <div class="skippy overflow-hidden"> + <div class="container-xl"> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#content">Skip to main content</a> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-none d-md-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#bd-docs-nav">Skip to docs navigation</a> + </div> +</div> + + + <header class="navbar navbar-expand navbar-dark flex-column flex-md-row bd-navbar"> + <a class="navbar-brand mr-0 mr-md-2" href="/" aria-label="Bootstrap"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="36" height="36" class="d-block" viewBox="0 0 612 612" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Bootstrap</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M510 8a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94 94v408a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94 94H102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94-94V102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94-94h408m0-8H102C45.9 0 0 45.9 0 102v408c0 56.1 45.9 102 102 102h408c56.1 0 102-45.9 102-102V102C612 45.9 566.1 0 510 0z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M196.77 471.5V154.43h124.15c54.27 0 91 31.64 91 79.1 0 33-24.17 63.72-54.71 69.21v1.76c43.07 5.49 70.75 35.82 70.75 78 0 55.81-40 89-107.45 89zm39.55-180.4h63.28c46.8 0 72.29-18.68 72.29-53 0-31.42-21.53-48.78-60-48.78h-75.57zm78.22 145.46c47.68 0 72.73-19.34 72.73-56s-25.93-55.37-76.46-55.37h-74.49v111.4z"/></svg> + </a> + + <div class="navbar-nav-scroll"> + <ul class="navbar-nav bd-navbar-nav flex-row"> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Bootstrap');">Home</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link active" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Docs');">Documentation</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/docs/4.6/examples/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Examples');">Examples</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://icons.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Icons');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Icons</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://themes.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Themes');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Themes</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://expo.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Expo');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Expo</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://blog.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Blog');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blog</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <ul class="navbar-nav ml-md-auto"> + <li class="nav-item dropdown"> + <a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle mr-md-2" href="#" id="bd-versions" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> + v4.6 + </a> + <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-md-right" aria-labelledby="bd-versions"> + <a class="dropdown-item active" href="/docs/4.6/">Latest (4.6.x)</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/">5.0.x</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/3.4/">v3.4.1</a> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/2.3.2/">v2.3.2</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="/docs/versions/">All versions</a> + </div> + </li> + + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link pl-2 pr-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://github.com/twbs" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="GitHub"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 499.36" role="img" focusable="false"><title>GitHub</title><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M256 0C114.64 0 0 114.61 0 256c0 113.09 73.34 209 175.08 242.9 12.8 2.35 17.47-5.56 17.47-12.34 0-6.08-.22-22.18-.35-43.54-71.2 15.49-86.2-34.34-86.2-34.34-11.64-29.57-28.42-37.45-28.42-37.45-23.27-15.84 1.73-15.55 1.73-15.55 25.69 1.81 39.21 26.38 39.21 26.38 22.84 39.12 59.92 27.82 74.5 21.27 2.33-16.54 8.94-27.82 16.25-34.22-56.84-6.43-116.6-28.43-116.6-126.49 0-27.95 10-50.8 26.35-68.69-2.63-6.48-11.42-32.5 2.51-67.75 0 0 21.49-6.88 70.4 26.24a242.65 242.65 0 0 1 128.18 0c48.87-33.13 70.33-26.24 70.33-26.24 14 35.25 5.18 61.27 2.55 67.75 16.41 17.9 26.31 40.75 26.31 68.69 0 98.35-59.85 120-116.88 126.32 9.19 7.9 17.38 23.53 17.38 47.41 0 34.22-.31 61.83-.31 70.23 0 6.85 4.61 14.81 17.6 12.31C438.72 464.97 512 369.08 512 256.02 512 114.62 397.37 0 256 0z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://twitter.com/getbootstrap" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Twitter"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 416.32" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Twitter</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M160.83 416.32c193.2 0 298.92-160.22 298.92-298.92 0-4.51 0-9-.2-13.52A214 214 0 0 0 512 49.38a212.93 212.93 0 0 1-60.44 16.6 105.7 105.7 0 0 0 46.3-58.19 209 209 0 0 1-66.79 25.37 105.09 105.09 0 0 0-181.73 71.91 116.12 116.12 0 0 0 2.66 24c-87.28-4.3-164.73-46.3-216.56-109.82A105.48 105.48 0 0 0 68 159.6a106.27 106.27 0 0 1-47.53-13.11v1.43a105.28 105.28 0 0 0 84.21 103.06 105.67 105.67 0 0 1-47.33 1.84 105.06 105.06 0 0 0 98.14 72.94A210.72 210.72 0 0 1 25 370.84a202.17 202.17 0 0 1-25-1.43 298.85 298.85 0 0 0 160.83 46.92"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Slack"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Slack</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M210.787 234.832l68.31-22.883 22.1 65.977-68.309 22.882z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M490.54 185.6C437.7 9.59 361.6-31.34 185.6 21.46S-31.3 150.4 21.46 326.4 150.4 543.3 326.4 490.54 543.34 361.6 490.54 185.6zM401.7 299.8l-33.15 11.05 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.38-68.36 22.92 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.43-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56l33.12-11.03-22.1-65.9-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.48-13.93 2.89-29.07 16.81-33.58l33.15-11.05-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.46 34.38 68.36-22.92-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.47 34.42 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56L329.7 194.6l22.1 65.9 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.88 29.07-16.81 33.57z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://opencollective.com/bootstrap/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Open Collective"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 40 41" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Open Collective</title><path fill-opacity=".4" d="M32.8 21c0 2.4-.8 4.9-2 6.9l5.1 5.1c2.5-3.4 4.1-7.6 4.1-12 0-4.6-1.6-8.8-4-12.2L30.7 14c1.2 2 2 4.3 2 7z"/><path d="M20 33.7a12.8 12.8 0 0 1 0-25.6c2.6 0 5 .7 7 2.1L32 5a20 20 0 1 0 .1 31.9l-5-5.2a13 13 0 0 1-7 2z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + </ul> + + <a class="btn btn-bd-download d-none d-lg-inline-block mb-3 mb-md-0 ml-md-3" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/download/">Download</a> +</header> + + + <div class="container-fluid"> + <div class="row flex-xl-nowrap"> + <div class="col-md-3 col-xl-2 bd-sidebar"> + <form role="search" class="bd-search d-flex align-items-center"> + <input type="search" class="form-control" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search for..." autocomplete="off" data-docs-version="4.6"> + <button class="btn bd-search-docs-toggle d-md-none p-0 ml-3" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bd-docs-nav" aria-controls="bd-docs-nav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle docs navigation"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Menu</title><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"/></svg> + </button> +</form> + +<div class="collapse d-md-block row" id="bd-docs-nav"> + <nav class="bd-links" aria-label="Main navigation"> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/"> + Getting started + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item active"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + Layout + </a> + <ul class="nav bd-sidenav"> + <li class="active bd-sidenav-active"> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/">Overview</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/grid/">Grid</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/">Utilities for layout</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/content/reboot/"> + Content + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/components/alerts/"> + Components + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/utilities/borders/"> + Utilities + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/extend/approach/"> + Extend + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/migration/"> + Migration + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/about/overview/"> + About + </a> + </div> + </nav> +</div> + + </div> + + + <nav class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc" aria-label="Secondary navigation"> + <nav id="TableOfContents"> + <ul> + <li><a href="#containers">Containers</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="#all-in-one">All-in-one</a></li> + <li><a href="#fluid">Fluid</a></li> + <li><a href="#responsive">Responsive</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="#responsive-breakpoints">Responsive breakpoints</a></li> + <li><a href="#z-index">Z-index</a></li> + </ul> +</nav> + </nav> + + + <main class="col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main"> + <div class="d-md-flex flex-md-row-reverse align-items-center justify-content-between"> + <a class="btn btn-sm btn-bd-light my-2 my-md-0" href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4-dev/site/content/docs/4.6/layout/overview.md" title="View and edit this file on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View on GitHub</a> + <h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Overview</h1> + </div> + <p class="bd-lead">Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes.</p> + <script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script> + + <h2 id="containers">Containers</h2> +<p>Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are <strong>required when using our default grid system</strong>. Containers are used to contain, pad, and (sometimes) center the content within them. While containers <em>can</em> be nested, most layouts do not require a nested container.</p> +<p>Bootstrap comes with three different containers:</p> +<ul> +<li><code>.container</code>, which sets a <code>max-width</code> at each responsive breakpoint</li> +<li><code>.container-fluid</code>, which is <code>width: 100%</code> at all breakpoints</li> +<li><code>.container-{breakpoint}</code>, which is <code>width: 100%</code> until the specified breakpoint</li> +</ul> +<p>The table below illustrates how each container’s <code>max-width</code> compares to the original <code>.container</code> and <code>.container-fluid</code> across each breakpoint.</p> +<p>See them in action and compare them in our <a href="/docs/4.6/examples/grid/#containers">Grid example</a>.</p> +<table class="table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th></th> + <th> + Extra small<br> + <span class="font-weight-normal"><576px</span> + </th> + <th> + Small<br> + <span class="font-weight-normal">≥576px</span> + </th> + <th> + Medium<br> + <span class="font-weight-normal">≥768px</span> + </th> + <th> + Large<br> + <span class="font-weight-normal">≥992px</span> + </th> + <th> + Extra large<br> + <span class="font-weight-normal">≥1200px</span> + </th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><code>.container</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td>540px</td> + <td>720px</td> + <td>960px</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.container-sm</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td>540px</td> + <td>720px</td> + <td>960px</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.container-md</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td>720px</td> + <td>960px</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.container-lg</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td>960px</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.container-xl</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td>1140px</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.container-fluid</code></td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + <td class="text-muted">100%</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<h3 id="all-in-one">All-in-one</h3> +<p>Our default <code>.container</code> class is a responsive, fixed-width container, meaning its <code>max-width</code> changes at each breakpoint.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container"</span><span class="p">></span> + <span class="c"><!-- Content here --></span> +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +</code></pre></div><h3 id="fluid">Fluid</h3> +<p>Use <code>.container-fluid</code> for a full width container, spanning the entire width of the viewport.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container-fluid"</span><span class="p">></span> + ... +<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +</code></pre></div><h3 id="responsive">Responsive</h3> +<p>Responsive containers are new in Bootstrap v4.4. They allow you to specify a class that is 100% wide until the specified breakpoint is reached, after which we apply <code>max-width</code>s for each of the higher breakpoints. For example, <code>.container-sm</code> is 100% wide to start until the <code>sm</code> breakpoint is reached, where it will scale up with <code>md</code>, <code>lg</code>, and <code>xl</code>.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container-sm"</span><span class="p">></span>100% wide until small breakpoint<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container-md"</span><span class="p">></span>100% wide until medium breakpoint<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container-lg"</span><span class="p">></span>100% wide until large breakpoint<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"container-xl"</span><span class="p">></span>100% wide until extra large breakpoint<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> +</code></pre></div><h2 id="responsive-breakpoints">Responsive breakpoints</h2> +<p>Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries">media queries</a> to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes.</p> +<p>Bootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges—or breakpoints—in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) +</span><span class="c1">// No media query for `xs` since this is the default in Bootstrap +</span><span class="c1"></span> +<span class="c1">// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">576</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">768</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">992</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1200</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>Since we write our source CSS in Sass, all our media queries are available via Sass mixins:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// No media query necessary for xs breakpoint as it's effectively `@media (min-width: 0) { ... }` +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xl</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Example: Hide starting at `min-width: 0`, and then show at the `sm` breakpoint +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nc">.custom-class</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nt">display</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">none</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nc">.custom-class</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nt">display</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">block</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>We occasionally use media queries that go in the other direction (the given screen size <em>or smaller</em>):</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">575</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">767</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Medium devices (tablets, less than 992px) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">991</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Large devices (desktops, less than 1200px) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1199</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Extra large devices (large desktops) +</span><span class="c1">// No media query since the extra-large breakpoint has no upper bound on its width +</span></code></pre></div><div class="bd-callout bd-callout-info"> +Note that since browsers do not currently support <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mediaqueries-4/#range-context">range context queries</a>, we work around the limitations of <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mediaqueries-4/#mq-min-max"><code>min-</code> and <code>max-</code> prefixes</a> and viewports with fractional widths (which can occur under certain conditions on high-dpi devices, for instance) by using values with higher precision for these comparisons. +</div> + +<p>Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="c1">// No media query necessary for xl breakpoint as it has no upper bound on its width +</span><span class="c1"></span> +<span class="c1">// Example: Style from medium breakpoint and down +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-down</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nc">.custom-class</span> <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nt">display</span><span class="nd">:</span> <span class="nt">block</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>There are also media queries and mixins for targeting a single segment of screen sizes using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">575</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">576</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">767</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">768</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">991</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">992</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1199</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1200</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>These media queries are also available via Sass mixins:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-only</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-only</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-only</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-only</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +<span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-only</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xl</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="c1">// Example +</span><span class="c1">// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices +</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="k">@media</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">min-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">768</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="no">max-width</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1199</span><span class="mf">.98</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><p>The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be:</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> media-breakpoint-between</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">xl</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nc">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> +</code></pre></div><h2 id="z-index">Z-index</h2> +<p>Several Bootstrap components utilize <code>z-index</code>, the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’s been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more.</p> +<p>These higher values start at an arbitrary number, high and specific enough to ideally avoid conflicts. We need a standard set of these across our layered components—tooltips, popovers, navbars, dropdowns, modals—so we can be reasonably consistent in the behaviors. There’s no reason we couldn’t have used <code>100</code>+ or <code>500</code>+.</p> +<p>We don’t encourage customization of these individual values; should you change one, you likely need to change them all.</p> +<div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nv">$zindex-dropdown</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1000</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-sticky</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1020</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-fixed</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1030</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-modal-backdrop</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1040</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-modal</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1050</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-popover</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1060</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$zindex-tooltip</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1070</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> +</code></pre></div><p>To handle overlapping borders within components (e.g., buttons and inputs in input groups), we use low single digit <code>z-index</code> values of <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, and <code>3</code> for default, hover, and active states. On hover/focus/active, we bring a particular element to the forefront with a higher <code>z-index</code> value to show their border over the sibling elements.</p> + + </main> + </div> + </div> + + <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-DfXdz2htPH0lsSSs5nCTpuj/zy4C+OGpamoFVy38MVBnE+IbbVYUew+OrCXaRkfj" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> +<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/vendor/jquery.slim.min.js"><\/script>')</script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-Piv4xVNRyMGpqkS2by6br4gNJ7DXjqk09RmUpJ8jgGtD7zP9yug3goQfGII0yAns" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> + + +<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.js"></script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/docs.min.js"></script> + + </body> +</html> diff --git a/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/index.html b/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/index.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e9b59604d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ +<!doctype html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> +<meta name="description" content="For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content."> +<meta name="author" content="Mark Otto, Jacob Thornton, and Bootstrap contributors"> +<meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.80.0"> + +<meta name="docsearch:language" content="en"> +<meta name="docsearch:version" content="4.6"> + +<title>Utilities for layout · Bootstrap v4.6</title> + +<link rel="canonical" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/"> + + + +<!-- Bootstrap core CSS --> +<link href="/docs/4.6/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-B0vP5xmATw1+K9KRQjQERJvTumQW0nPEzvF6L/Z6nronJ3oUOFUFpCjEUQouq2+l" crossorigin="anonymous"> + +<!-- Documentation extras --> +<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<link href="/docs/4.6/assets/css/docs.css" rel="stylesheet"> + +<!-- Favicons --> +<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png" sizes="180x180"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" type="image/png"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" type="image/png"> +<link rel="manifest" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/manifest.json"> +<link rel="mask-icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#563d7c"> +<link rel="icon" href="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/favicon.ico"> +<meta name="msapplication-config" content="/docs/4.6/assets/img/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> +<meta name="theme-color" content="#563d7c"> + +<!-- Twitter --> +<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> +<meta name="twitter:site" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@getbootstrap"> +<meta name="twitter:title" content="Utilities for layout"> +<meta name="twitter:description" content="For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content."> +<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social-logo.png"> + +<!-- Facebook --> +<meta property="og:url" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/"> +<meta property="og:title" content="Utilities for layout"> +<meta property="og:description" content="For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content."> +<meta property="og:type" content="article"> +<meta property="og:image" content="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-social.png"> +<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> +<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> +<meta property="og:image:height" content="630"> + +<script> + window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; + ga('create', 'UA-146052-10', 'getbootstrap.com'); + ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); + ga('send', 'pageview'); +</script> +<script async src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script> + + + </head> + <body> + <div class="skippy overflow-hidden"> + <div class="container-xl"> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#content">Skip to main content</a> + <a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable d-none d-md-inline-flex p-2 m-1" href="#bd-docs-nav">Skip to docs navigation</a> + </div> +</div> + + + <header class="navbar navbar-expand navbar-dark flex-column flex-md-row bd-navbar"> + <a class="navbar-brand mr-0 mr-md-2" href="/" aria-label="Bootstrap"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="36" height="36" class="d-block" viewBox="0 0 612 612" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Bootstrap</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M510 8a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94 94v408a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94 94H102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1-94-94V102a94.3 94.3 0 0 1 94-94h408m0-8H102C45.9 0 0 45.9 0 102v408c0 56.1 45.9 102 102 102h408c56.1 0 102-45.9 102-102V102C612 45.9 566.1 0 510 0z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M196.77 471.5V154.43h124.15c54.27 0 91 31.64 91 79.1 0 33-24.17 63.72-54.71 69.21v1.76c43.07 5.49 70.75 35.82 70.75 78 0 55.81-40 89-107.45 89zm39.55-180.4h63.28c46.8 0 72.29-18.68 72.29-53 0-31.42-21.53-48.78-60-48.78h-75.57zm78.22 145.46c47.68 0 72.73-19.34 72.73-56s-25.93-55.37-76.46-55.37h-74.49v111.4z"/></svg> + </a> + + <div class="navbar-nav-scroll"> + <ul class="navbar-nav bd-navbar-nav flex-row"> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Bootstrap');">Home</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link active" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Docs');">Documentation</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="/docs/4.6/examples/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Examples');">Examples</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://icons.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Icons');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Icons</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://themes.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Themes');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Themes</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://expo.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Expo');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Expo</a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link" href="https://blog.getbootstrap.com/" onclick="ga('send', 'event', 'Navbar', 'Community links', 'Blog');" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blog</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <ul class="navbar-nav ml-md-auto"> + <li class="nav-item dropdown"> + <a class="nav-item nav-link dropdown-toggle mr-md-2" href="#" id="bd-versions" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> + v4.6 + </a> + <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-md-right" aria-labelledby="bd-versions"> + <a class="dropdown-item active" href="/docs/4.6/">Latest (4.6.x)</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/">5.0.x</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/docs/3.4/">v3.4.1</a> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://getbootstrap.com/2.3.2/">v2.3.2</a> + <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> + <a class="dropdown-item" href="/docs/versions/">All versions</a> + </div> + </li> + + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link pl-2 pr-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://github.com/twbs" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="GitHub"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 499.36" role="img" focusable="false"><title>GitHub</title><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M256 0C114.64 0 0 114.61 0 256c0 113.09 73.34 209 175.08 242.9 12.8 2.35 17.47-5.56 17.47-12.34 0-6.08-.22-22.18-.35-43.54-71.2 15.49-86.2-34.34-86.2-34.34-11.64-29.57-28.42-37.45-28.42-37.45-23.27-15.84 1.73-15.55 1.73-15.55 25.69 1.81 39.21 26.38 39.21 26.38 22.84 39.12 59.92 27.82 74.5 21.27 2.33-16.54 8.94-27.82 16.25-34.22-56.84-6.43-116.6-28.43-116.6-126.49 0-27.95 10-50.8 26.35-68.69-2.63-6.48-11.42-32.5 2.51-67.75 0 0 21.49-6.88 70.4 26.24a242.65 242.65 0 0 1 128.18 0c48.87-33.13 70.33-26.24 70.33-26.24 14 35.25 5.18 61.27 2.55 67.75 16.41 17.9 26.31 40.75 26.31 68.69 0 98.35-59.85 120-116.88 126.32 9.19 7.9 17.38 23.53 17.38 47.41 0 34.22-.31 61.83-.31 70.23 0 6.85 4.61 14.81 17.6 12.31C438.72 464.97 512 369.08 512 256.02 512 114.62 397.37 0 256 0z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://twitter.com/getbootstrap" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Twitter"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 416.32" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Twitter</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M160.83 416.32c193.2 0 298.92-160.22 298.92-298.92 0-4.51 0-9-.2-13.52A214 214 0 0 0 512 49.38a212.93 212.93 0 0 1-60.44 16.6 105.7 105.7 0 0 0 46.3-58.19 209 209 0 0 1-66.79 25.37 105.09 105.09 0 0 0-181.73 71.91 116.12 116.12 0 0 0 2.66 24c-87.28-4.3-164.73-46.3-216.56-109.82A105.48 105.48 0 0 0 68 159.6a106.27 106.27 0 0 1-47.53-13.11v1.43a105.28 105.28 0 0 0 84.21 103.06 105.67 105.67 0 0 1-47.33 1.84 105.06 105.06 0 0 0 98.14 72.94A210.72 210.72 0 0 1 25 370.84a202.17 202.17 0 0 1-25-1.43 298.85 298.85 0 0 0 160.83 46.92"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://bootstrap-slack.herokuapp.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Slack"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Slack</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M210.787 234.832l68.31-22.883 22.1 65.977-68.309 22.882z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M490.54 185.6C437.7 9.59 361.6-31.34 185.6 21.46S-31.3 150.4 21.46 326.4 150.4 543.3 326.4 490.54 543.34 361.6 490.54 185.6zM401.7 299.8l-33.15 11.05 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.38-68.36 22.92 11.46 34.38c4.5 13.92-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18l-11.46-34.43-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56l33.12-11.03-22.1-65.9-33.15 11.05c-2.87.82-6.14 1.64-9 1.23a27.32 27.32 0 0 1-24.56-18c-4.48-13.93 2.89-29.07 16.81-33.58l33.15-11.05-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.46 34.38 68.36-22.92-11.46-34.38c-4.5-13.92 2.87-29.06 16.78-33.56s29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78l11.47 34.42 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.87 29.06-16.78 33.56L329.7 194.6l22.1 65.9 33.15-11.05c13.92-4.5 29.06 2.87 33.56 16.78s-2.88 29.07-16.81 33.57z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + <li class="nav-item"> + <a class="nav-link px-1 mx-1 py-3 my-n2" href="https://opencollective.com/bootstrap/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Open Collective"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" class="navbar-nav-svg" viewBox="0 0 40 41" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Open Collective</title><path fill-opacity=".4" d="M32.8 21c0 2.4-.8 4.9-2 6.9l5.1 5.1c2.5-3.4 4.1-7.6 4.1-12 0-4.6-1.6-8.8-4-12.2L30.7 14c1.2 2 2 4.3 2 7z"/><path d="M20 33.7a12.8 12.8 0 0 1 0-25.6c2.6 0 5 .7 7 2.1L32 5a20 20 0 1 0 .1 31.9l-5-5.2a13 13 0 0 1-7 2z"/></svg> + </a> + </li> + </ul> + + <a class="btn btn-bd-download d-none d-lg-inline-block mb-3 mb-md-0 ml-md-3" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/download/">Download</a> +</header> + + + <div class="container-fluid"> + <div class="row flex-xl-nowrap"> + <div class="col-md-3 col-xl-2 bd-sidebar"> + <form role="search" class="bd-search d-flex align-items-center"> + <input type="search" class="form-control" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search for..." autocomplete="off" data-docs-version="4.6"> + <button class="btn bd-search-docs-toggle d-md-none p-0 ml-3" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bd-docs-nav" aria-controls="bd-docs-nav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle docs navigation"> + <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" role="img" focusable="false"><title>Menu</title><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"/></svg> + </button> +</form> + +<div class="collapse d-md-block row" id="bd-docs-nav"> + <nav class="bd-links" aria-label="Main navigation"> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/getting-started/introduction/"> + Getting started + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item active"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/"> + Layout + </a> + <ul class="nav bd-sidenav"> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/overview/">Overview</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/grid/">Grid</a> + </li> + <li class="active bd-sidenav-active"> + <a href="/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout/">Utilities for layout</a> + </li> + </ul> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/content/reboot/"> + Content + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/components/alerts/"> + Components + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/utilities/borders/"> + Utilities + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/extend/approach/"> + Extend + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/migration/"> + Migration + </a> + </div> + + <div class="bd-toc-item"> + <a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.6/about/overview/"> + About + </a> + </div> + </nav> +</div> + + </div> + + + <nav class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc" aria-label="Secondary navigation"> + <nav id="TableOfContents"> + <ul> + <li><a href="#changing-display">Changing <code>display</code></a></li> + <li><a href="#flexbox-options">Flexbox options</a></li> + <li><a href="#margin-and-padding">Margin and padding</a></li> + <li><a href="#toggle-visibility">Toggle <code>visibility</code></a></li> + </ul> +</nav> + </nav> + + + <main class="col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main"> + <div class="d-md-flex flex-md-row-reverse align-items-center justify-content-between"> + <a class="btn btn-sm btn-bd-light my-2 my-md-0" href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4-dev/site/content/docs/4.6/layout/utilities-for-layout.md" title="View and edit this file on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View on GitHub</a> + <h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Utilities for layout</h1> + </div> + <p class="bd-lead">For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content.</p> + <script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script> + + <h2 id="changing-display">Changing <code>display</code></h2> +<p>Use our <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/display/">display utilities</a> for responsively toggling common values of the <code>display</code> property. Mix it with our grid system, content, or components to show or hide them across specific viewports.</p> +<h2 id="flexbox-options">Flexbox options</h2> +<p>Bootstrap 4 is built with flexbox, but not every element’s <code>display</code> has been changed to <code>display: flex</code> as this would add many unnecessary overrides and unexpectedly change key browser behaviors. Most of <a href="/docs/4.6/components/alerts/">our components</a> are built with flexbox enabled.</p> +<p>Should you need to add <code>display: flex</code> to an element, do so with <code>.d-flex</code> or one of the responsive variants (e.g., <code>.d-sm-flex</code>). You’ll need this class or <code>display</code> value to allow the use of our extra <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/flex/">flexbox utilities</a> for sizing, alignment, spacing, and more.</p> +<h2 id="margin-and-padding">Margin and padding</h2> +<p>Use the <code>margin</code> and <code>padding</code> <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/spacing/">spacing utilities</a> to control how elements and components are spaced and sized. Bootstrap 4 includes a five-level scale for spacing utilities, based on a <code>1rem</code> value default <code>$spacer</code> variable. Choose values for all viewports (e.g., <code>.mr-3</code> for <code>margin-right: 1rem</code>), or pick responsive variants to target specific viewports (e.g., <code>.mr-md-3</code> for <code>margin-right: 1rem</code> starting at the <code>md</code> breakpoint).</p> +<h2 id="toggle-visibility">Toggle <code>visibility</code></h2> +<p>When toggling <code>display</code> isn’t needed, you can toggle the <code>visibility</code> of an element with our <a href="/docs/4.6/utilities/visibility/">visibility utilities</a>. Invisible elements will still affect the layout of the page, but are visually hidden from visitors.</p> + + </main> + </div> + </div> + + <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-DfXdz2htPH0lsSSs5nCTpuj/zy4C+OGpamoFVy38MVBnE+IbbVYUew+OrCXaRkfj" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> +<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/vendor/jquery.slim.min.js"><\/script>')</script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-Piv4xVNRyMGpqkS2by6br4gNJ7DXjqk09RmUpJ8jgGtD7zP9yug3goQfGII0yAns" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> + + +<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.js"></script> + +<script src="/docs/4.6/assets/js/docs.min.js"></script> + + </body> +</html> |