From 2a43e7e78a59c70e217383c12c9ef0482cabb163 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 16 Mar 2014 19:03:53 -0700 Subject: Break up docs into includes --- docs/_includes/css/grid.html | 543 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 543 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs/_includes/css/grid.html (limited to 'docs/_includes/css/grid.html') diff --git a/docs/_includes/css/grid.html b/docs/_includes/css/grid.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..992612e85 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/_includes/css/grid.html @@ -0,0 +1,543 @@ +
+

Grid system

+ +

Bootstrap includes a responsive, mobile first fluid grid system that appropriately scales up to 12 columns as the device or viewport size increases. It includes predefined classes for easy layout options, as well as powerful mixins for generating more semantic layouts.

+ +

Introduction

+

Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here's how the Bootstrap grid system works:

+ +

Look to the examples for applying these principles to your code.

+ +

Media queries

+

We use the following media queries in our Less files to create the key breakpoints in our grid system.

+{% highlight scss %} +/* Extra small devices (phones, less than 768px) */ +/* No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap */ + +/* Small devices (tablets, 768px and up) */ +@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { ... } + +/* Medium devices (desktops, 992px and up) */ +@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { ... } + +/* Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) */ +@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... } +{% endhighlight %} +

We occasionally expand on these media queries to include a max-width to limit CSS to a narrower set of devices.

+{% highlight scss %} +@media (max-width: @screen-xs-max) { ... } +@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) and (max-width: @screen-sm-max) { ... } +@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) and (max-width: @screen-md-max) { ... } +@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... } +{% endhighlight %} + +

Grid options

+

See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table.

+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ Extra small devices + Phones (<768px) + + Small devices + Tablets (≥768px) + + Medium devices + Desktops (≥992px) + + Large devices + Desktops (≥1200px) +
Grid behaviorHorizontal at all timesCollapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints
Container widthNone (auto)750px970px1170px
Class prefix.col-xs-.col-sm-.col-md-.col-lg-
# of columns12
Column widthAuto~62px~81px~97px
Gutter width30px (15px on each side of a column)
NestableYes
OffsetsYes
Column orderingYes
+
+ +

Example: Stacked-to-horizontal

+

Using a single set of .col-md-* grid classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on mobile devices and tablet devices (the extra small to small range) before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. Place grid columns in any .row.

+
+
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
+
+
.col-md-8
+
.col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-md-6
+
.col-md-6
+
+
+{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
.col-md-1
+
+
+
.col-md-8
+
.col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-md-6
+
.col-md-6
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Example: Fluid container

+

Turn any fixed-width grid layout into a full-width layout by changing your outermost .container to .container-fluid.

+{% highlight html %} +
+
+ ... +
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Example: Mobile and desktop

+

Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small and medium device grid classes by adding .col-xs-* .col-md-* to your columns. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.

+
+
+
.col-xs-12 .col-md-8
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.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
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+
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-xs-6
+
.col-xs-6
+
+
+{% highlight html %} + +
+
.col-xs-12 .col-md-8
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
+ + +
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
+ + +
+
.col-xs-6
+
.col-xs-6
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Example: Mobile, tablet, desktops

+

Build on the previous example by creating even more dynamic and powerful layouts with tablet .col-sm-* classes.

+
+
+
.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+ +
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+
+
+{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-xs-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8
+
.col-xs-6 .col-md-4
+
+
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+ +
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-4
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Responsive column resets

+

With the four tiers of grids available you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a .clearfix and our responsive utility classes.

+
+
+
+ .col-xs-6 .col-sm-3 +
+ Resize your viewport or check it out on your phone for an example. +
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+ + +
+ +
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+
+
+{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+ + +
+ +
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+
.col-xs-6 .col-sm-3
+
+{% endhighlight %} +

In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to reset offsets, pushes, or pulls. See this in action in the grid example.

+{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-sm-5 .col-md-6
+
.col-sm-5 .col-sm-offset-2 .col-md-6 .col-md-offset-0
+
+ +
+
.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-lg-6
+
.col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .col-md-offset-2 .col-lg-6 .col-lg-offset-0
+
+{% endhighlight %} + + +

Offsetting columns

+

Move columns to the right using .col-md-offset-* classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by * columns. For example, .col-md-offset-4 moves .col-md-4 over four columns.

+
+
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4
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+
+
.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
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.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
+
+
+
.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3
+
+
+{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-md-4
+
.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4
+
+
+
.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
+
.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
+
+
+
.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3
+
+{% endhighlight %} + + +

Nesting columns

+

To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row and set of .col-md-* columns within an existing .col-md-* column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or less.

+
+
+ Level 1: .col-md-9 +
+
+ Level 2: .col-md-6 +
+
+ Level 2: .col-md-6 +
+
+
+
+{% highlight html %} +
+
+ Level 1: .col-md-9 +
+
+ Level 2: .col-md-6 +
+
+ Level 2: .col-md-6 +
+
+
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Column ordering

+

Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with .col-md-push-* and .col-md-pull-* modifier classes.

+
+
.col-md-9 .col-md-push-3
+
.col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9
+
+ +{% highlight html %} +
+
.col-md-9 .col-md-push-3
+
.col-md-3 .col-md-pull-9
+
+{% endhighlight %} + +

Less mixins and variables

+

In addition to prebuilt grid classes for fast layouts, Bootstrap includes Less variables and mixins for quickly generating your own simple, semantic layouts.

+ +

Variables

+

Variables determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.

+{% highlight scss %} +@grid-columns: 12; +@grid-gutter-width: 30px; +@grid-float-breakpoint: 768px; +{% endhighlight %} + +

Mixins

+

Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns.

+{% highlight scss %} +// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns +.make-row(@gutter: @grid-gutter-width) { + // Then clear the floated columns + .clearfix(); + + @media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { + margin-left: (@gutter / -2); + margin-right: (@gutter / -2); + } + + // Negative margin nested rows out to align the content of columns + .row { + margin-left: (@gutter / -2); + margin-right: (@gutter / -2); + } +} + +// Generate the extra small columns +.make-xs-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) { + position: relative; + // Prevent columns from collapsing when empty + min-height: 1px; + // Inner gutter via padding + padding-left: (@gutter / 2); + padding-right: (@gutter / 2); + + // Calculate width based on number of columns available + @media (min-width: @grid-float-breakpoint) { + float: left; + width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the small columns +.make-sm-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) { + position: relative; + // Prevent columns from collapsing when empty + min-height: 1px; + // Inner gutter via padding + padding-left: (@gutter / 2); + padding-right: (@gutter / 2); + + // Calculate width based on number of columns available + @media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { + float: left; + width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the small column offsets +.make-sm-column-offset(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { + margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-sm-column-push(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { + left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-sm-column-pull(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { + right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the medium columns +.make-md-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) { + position: relative; + // Prevent columns from collapsing when empty + min-height: 1px; + // Inner gutter via padding + padding-left: (@gutter / 2); + padding-right: (@gutter / 2); + + // Calculate width based on number of columns available + @media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { + float: left; + width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the medium column offsets +.make-md-column-offset(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { + margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-md-column-push(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { + left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-md-column-pull(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { + right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the large columns +.make-lg-column(@columns; @gutter: @grid-gutter-width) { + position: relative; + // Prevent columns from collapsing when empty + min-height: 1px; + // Inner gutter via padding + padding-left: (@gutter / 2); + padding-right: (@gutter / 2); + + // Calculate width based on number of columns available + @media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { + float: left; + width: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} + +// Generate the large column offsets +.make-lg-column-offset(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { + margin-left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-lg-column-push(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { + left: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +.make-lg-column-pull(@columns) { + @media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { + right: percentage((@columns / @grid-columns)); + } +} +{% endhighlight %} + +

Example usage

+

You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between.

+{% highlight scss %} +.wrapper { + .make-row(); +} +.content-main { + .make-lg-column(8); +} +.content-secondary { + .make-lg-column(3); + .make-lg-column-offset(1); +} +{% endhighlight %} +{% highlight html %} +
+
...
+
...
+
+{% endhighlight %} +
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