From d04eb86715ea5842e9032e5c3bc3b70622b15fcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 17:03:32 -0800 Subject: clarify that --- docs/layout/overview.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index 8ed7671a9..4dcb294dc 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Bootstrap includes several components and options for laying out your project, i ## Containers -Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are **required when using our grid system**. Choose from a responsive, fixed-width container (meaning its `max-width` changes at each breakpoint) or fluid-width (meaning it's `100%` wide all the time). +Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are **required when using our default grid system**. Choose from a responsive, fixed-width container (meaning its `max-width` changes at each breakpoint) or fluid-width (meaning it's `100%` wide all the time). While containers *can* be nested, most layouts do not require a nested container. -- cgit v1.2.3 From eb2e1102be0f4641ee3e5c4e7853360d5a04e3d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2016 20:26:17 -0800 Subject: Flexbox all the time (Drop IE9 support and remove $enable-flex option) (#21389) * remove the $enable-flex variable option * remove bootstrap-flex.css dist file and it's grunt task * remove the separate flex css file for docs; it's all the same now * remove flexbox docs (porting some to the main grid docs in next commit) * clean up few grid docs bits to simplify copy, start to mention flexbox * port relevant flexbox-grid.md content to grid.md - clean up mixins - update how it works section - bring over sizing and alignment sections * remove the $enable-flex from the options.md page * update lead paragraph to mention flexbox * update migration to mention loss of ie9 support * remove mention of flexbox dist file * clarify IE support * making a note * remove flexbox variant mentions from component docs - updates docs for media object, navs, list group, and cards to consolidate docs - no more need to callout flexbox variants since it's now the default * remove $enable-flex if/else from sass files * remove flex dist files * update scss lint property order to account for flex properties * linting * change to numberless classes for autosizing, wrap in highlighting div * bump gruntfile and postcss to ie10 * redo intro sections * rearrange * phew, redo hella grid docs - rearrange all the things - consolidate some bits * remove reference to flexbox mode * more border action for demo * Make some changes to the .card's in .card-deck's to ensure footers align to the bottom --- docs/layout/flexbox-grid.md | 286 -------------------- docs/layout/grid.md | 647 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- docs/layout/media-object.md | 4 - docs/layout/overview.md | 2 +- 4 files changed, 428 insertions(+), 511 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 docs/layout/flexbox-grid.md (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/flexbox-grid.md b/docs/layout/flexbox-grid.md deleted file mode 100644 index c6430424a..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/flexbox-grid.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,286 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Flexbox grid system -description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap's optional flexbox grid system. -group: layout ---- - -Fancy a more modern grid system? [Enable flexbox support in Bootstrap]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/flexbox/) to take full advantage of CSS's Flexible Box module for even more control over your site's layout, alignment, and distribution of content. - -Bootstrap's flexbox grid includes support for every feature from our [default grid system]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/grid/), and then some. Please read the [default grid system docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/grid/) before proceeding through this page. Features that are covered there are only summarized here. Please note that **Internet Explorer 9 does not support flexbox**, so proceed with caution when enabling it. - -{% callout warning %} -**Heads up!** This flexbox grid documentation is powered by an additional CSS file that overrides our default grid system's CSS. This is only available in our hosted docs and is disabled in development. -{% endcallout %} - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - -## How it works - -The flexbox grid system behaves similar to our default grid system, but with a few notable differences: - -- [Grid mixins]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/grid#sass-mixins) and [predefined classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/grid#predefined-classes) include support for flexbox. Just [enable flexbox support]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/flexbox/) to utilize them as you would otherwise. -- Nesting, offsets, pushes, and pulls are all supported in the flexbox grid system. -- Flexbox grid columns without a set width will automatically layout with equal widths. For example, four columns will each automatically be 25% wide. -- Flexbox grid columns have significantly more alignment options available, including vertical alignment. -- Unlike the default grid system where a grid column starts as full-width in the `xs` tier, **flexbox requires a `.col-{breakpoint}` class for each tier.** -- Be aware of the limitations and [bugs around flexbox](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs), like the [inability to use some HTML elements as flex containers](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#9-some-html-elements-cant-be-flex-containers). - -Chill? Awesome—keep reading for more information and some code snippets. - -## Auto-layout columns - -When flexbox support is enabled, you can utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for equal-width columns. Add any number of `.col-{breakpoint}`s for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width. - -### Equal-width - -For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from `xs` to `xl`. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- 1 of 2 -
-
- 1 of 2 -
-
-
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -### Setting one column width - -Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and the others will automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- 2 of 3 (wider) -
-
- 3 of 3 -
-
-
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- 2 of 3 (wider) -
-
- 3 of 3 -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -### Variable width content - -Using the `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes, columns can size itself based on the natural width of its content. This is super handy with single line content like inputs, numbers, etc. This, in conjunction with [horizontal alignment](#horizontal-alignment) classes, is very useful for centering layouts with uneven column sizes as viewport width changes. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- Variable width content -
-
- 3 of 3 -
-
-
-
- 1 of 3 -
-
- Variable width content -
-
- 3 of 3 -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -## Responsive flexbox - -Unlike the default grid system, the flexbox grid requires a class for full-width columns. If you have a `.col-sm-6` and don't add `.col-12`, your `xs` grid will not render correctly. Note that flexbox grid tiers still scale up across breakpoints, so if you want two 50% wide columns across `sm`, `md`, and `lg`, you only need to set `.col-sm-6`. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- 1 of 2 (stacked on mobile) -
-
- 1 of 2 (stacked on mobile) -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -## Vertical alignment - -Use the flexbox alignment utilities to vertically align columns. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
-
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
-
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
- One of three columns -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -## Horizontal alignment - -Flexbox utilities for horizontal alignment also exist for a number of layout options. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- One of two columns -
-
- One of two columns -
-
-
-
- One of two columns -
-
- One of two columns -
-
-
-
- One of two columns -
-
- One of two columns -
-
-
-
- One of two columns -
-
- One of two columns -
-
-
-
- One of two columns -
-
- One of two columns -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
- -## Reordering - -Flexbox utilities for controlling the **visual order** of your content. - -
-{% example html %} -
-
-
- First, but unordered -
-
- Second, but last -
-
- Third, but first -
-
-
-{% endexample %} -
diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 68d7f7020..d7391025f 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ --- layout: docs title: Grid system -description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap's powerful, responsive, and mobile-first grid system. +description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap's responsive flexbox grid system. group: layout --- -Bootstrap includes a powerful mobile-first grid system for building layouts of all shapes and sizes. It's based on a 12 column layout and has multiple tiers, one for each [media query range]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints). You can use it with Sass mixins or our predefined classes. +Bootstrap includes a powerful mobile-first flexbox grid system for building layouts of all shapes and sizes. It's based on a 12 column layout and has multiple tiers, one for each [media query range]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints). You can use it with Sass mixins or our predefined classes. ## Contents @@ -14,43 +14,43 @@ Bootstrap includes a powerful mobile-first grid system for building layouts of a ## How it works -At a high level, here's how the grid system works: +Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It's built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together. -- There are three major components—containers, rows, and columns. -- Containers—`.container` for fixed width or `.container-fluid` for full width—center your site's contents and help align your grid content. -- Rows are horizontal groups of columns that ensure your columns are lined up properly. -- Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows. -- Column classes indicate the number of columns you'd like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So if you want three equal-width columns, you'd use `.col-sm-4`. -- Column `width`s are set in percentages, so they're always fluid and sized relative to their parent element. -- Columns have horizontal `padding` to create the gutters between individual columns, however, you can remove the `margin` from rows and `padding` from columns with `.no-gutters` on the `.row`. -- There are five grid tiers, one for each [responsive breakpoint]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints): extra small, small, medium, large, and extra large. -- Grid tiers are based on minimum widths, meaning they apply to that one tier and all those above it (e.g., `.col-sm-4` applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices). -- You can use predefined grid classes or Sass mixins for more semantic markup. - -Sounds good? Great, let's move on to seeing all that in an example. - -## Quick start example - -If you're using Bootstrap's compiled CSS, this the example you'll want to start with. - -{% example html %} +
-
+
One of three columns
-
+
One of three columns
-
+
One of three columns
-{% endexample %} +
The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our [predefined grid classes](#predefined-classes). Those columns are centered in the page with the parent `.container`. +Breaking it down, here's how it works: + +- Containers (outlined in blue above) provide a means to center your site's contents. Use `.container` for fixed width or `.container-fluid` for full width. +- Rows (outlined in red above) are horizontal groups of columns that ensure your columns are lined up properly. We use the negative margin method on `.row` to ensure all your content is aligned properly down the left side. +- Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows. +- Thanks to flexbox, grid columns without a set width will automatically layout with equal widths. For example, four instances of `.col-sm` will each automatically be 25% wide for small breakpoints. +- Column classes indicate the number of columns you'd like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So, if you want three equal-width columns, you can use `.col-sm-4`. +- Column `width`s are set in percentages, so they're always fluid and sized relative to their parent element. +- Columns have horizontal `padding` to create the gutters between individual columns, however, you can remove the `margin` from rows and `padding` from columns with `.no-gutters` on the `.row`. +- There are five grid tiers, one for each [responsive breakpoint]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints): all breakpoints (extra small), small, medium, large, and extra large. +- Grid tiers are based on minimum widths, meaning they apply to that one tier and all those above it (e.g., `.col-sm-4` applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices). +- You can use predefined grid classes or Sass mixins for more semantic markup. + +Be aware of the limitations and [bugs around flexbox](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs), like the [inability to use some HTML elements as flex containers](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#9-some-html-elements-cant-be-flex-containers). + +Sounds good? Great, let's move on to seeing all that in an example. + ## Grid options While Bootstrap uses `em`s or `rem`s for defining most sizes, `px`s are used for grid breakpoints and container widths. This is because the viewport width is in pixels and does not change with the [font size](https://drafts.csswg.org/mediaqueries-3/#units). @@ -130,212 +130,156 @@ See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a
-## Sass mixins - -When using Bootstrap's source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our [predefined grid classes](#predefined-classes) use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts. - -### Variables - -Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below. - -{% highlight scss %} -$grid-columns: 12; -$grid-gutter-width-base: 30px; - -$grid-gutter-widths: ( - xs: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - sm: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - md: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - lg: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - xl: $grid-gutter-width-base // 30px -) - -$grid-breakpoints: ( - // Extra small screen / phone - xs: 0, - // Small screen / phone - sm: 576px, - // Medium screen / tablet - md: 768px, - // Large screen / desktop - lg: 992px, - // Extra large screen / wide desktop - xl: 1200px -); - -$container-max-widths: ( - sm: 540px, - md: 720px, - lg: 960px, - xl: 1140px -); -{% endhighlight %} - -### Mixins - -Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns. - -{% highlight scss %} -// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns -@mixin make-row($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { - @if $enable-flex { - display: flex; - flex-wrap: wrap; - } @else { - @include clearfix(); - } - - @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { - @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { - $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); - margin-right: ($gutter / -2); - margin-left: ($gutter / -2); - } - } -} - -// Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width) -@mixin make-col-ready($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { - position: relative; - min-height: 1px; // Prevent collapsing +## Auto-layout columns - // Prevent columns from becoming too narrow when at smaller grid tiers by - // always setting `width: 100%;`. This works because we use `flex` values - // later on to override this initial width. - @if $enable-flex { - width: 100%; - } +Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for equal-width columns. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width. - @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { - @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { - $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); - padding-right: ($gutter / 2); - padding-left: ($gutter / 2); - } - } -} +### Equal-width -@mixin make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - @if $enable-flex { - flex: 0 0 percentage($size / $columns); - // Add a `max-width` to ensure content within each column does not blow out - // the width of the column. Applies to IE10+ and Firefox. Chrome and Safari - // do not appear to require this. - max-width: percentage($size / $columns); - } @else { - float: left; - width: percentage($size / $columns); - } -} +For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from `xs` to `xl`. -// Get fancy by offsetting, or changing the sort order -@mixin make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - margin-left: percentage($size / $columns); -} - -@mixin make-col-push($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - left: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); -} +
+{% example html %} +
+
+
+ 1 of 2 +
+
+ 1 of 2 +
+
+
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+
+{% endexample %} +
-@mixin make-col-pull($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - right: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); -} -{% endhighlight %} +### Setting one column width -### Example usage +Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and the others will automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column. -You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between. +
+{% example html %} +
+
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ 2 of 3 (wider) +
+
+ 3 of 3 +
+
+
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ 2 of 3 (wider) +
+
+ 3 of 3 +
+
+
+{% endexample %} +
-See it in action in this rendered example. +### Variable width content -{% highlight scss %} -.container { - max-width: 60em; - @include make-container(); -} -.row { - @include make-row(); -} -.content-main { - @include make-col-ready(); +Using the `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes, columns can size itself based on the natural width of its content. This is super handy with single line content like inputs, numbers, etc. This, in conjunction with [horizontal alignment](#horizontal-alignment) classes, is very useful for centering layouts with uneven column sizes as viewport width changes. - @media (max-width: 32em) { - @include make-col(6); - } - @media (min-width: 32.1em) { - @include make-col(8); - } -} -.content-secondary { - @include make-col-ready(); - - @media (max-width: 32em) { - @include make-col(6); - } - @media (min-width: 32.1em) { - @include make-col(4); - } -} -{% endhighlight %} - -{% highlight html %} +
+{% example html %}
+
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ Variable width content +
+
+ 3 of 3 +
+
-
...
-
...
+
+ 1 of 3 +
+
+ Variable width content +
+
+ 3 of 3 +
-{% endhighlight %} +{% endexample %} +
-## Predefined classes +## Responsive classes -In addition to our semantic mixins, Bootstrap includes an extensive set of prebuilt classes for quickly creating grid columns. It includes options for device-based column sizing, reordering columns, and more. +Bootstrap's grid includes five tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit. -### Example: Stacked-to-horizontal +### All breakpoints -Using a single set of `.col-md-*` grid classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on mobile devices and tablet devices (the extra small to small range) before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. Place grid columns within any `.row`. +For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the `.col` and `.col-*` classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to `.col`.
{% example html %}
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
-
col-md-1
+
col
+
col
+
col
+
col
-
col-md-8
-
col-md-4
+
col-8
+
col-4
+
+{% endexample %}
+ +### Stacked to horizontal + +Using a single set of `.col-sm-*` classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on extra small devices before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. + +
+{% example html %}
-
col-md-4
-
col-md-4
-
col-md-4
+
col-sm-8
+
col-sm-4
-
col-md-6
-
col-md-6
+
col-sm
+
col-sm
+
col-sm
{% endexample %}
-### Example: Mobile and desktop +### Mix and match -Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small and medium device grid classes by adding `.col-*` and `.col-md-*` to your columns. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works. +Don't want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.
{% example html %}
-
.col-12 .col-md-8
+
.col .col-md-8
.col-6 .col-md-4
@@ -354,29 +298,122 @@ Don't want your columns to simply stack in smaller devices? Use the extra small {% endexample %}
-### Example: Mobile, tablet, desktop +## Alignment + +Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. -Build on the previous example by creating even more dynamic and powerful layouts with tablet `.col-sm-*` classes. +### Vertical alignment
{% example html %} -
-
.col-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8
-
.col-6 .col-md-4
+
+
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
-
-
.col-6 .col-sm-4
-
.col-6 .col-sm-4
- -
-
.col-6 .col-sm-4
+{% endexample %} +
+ +
+{% example html %} +
+
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+ One of three columns +
+
+
+{% endexample %} +
+ +### Horizontal alignment + +
+{% example html %} +
+
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+
+
+ One of two columns +
+
+ One of two columns +
+
{% endexample %}
-### Example: Remove gutters +### No gutters -The gutters between columns in our default, predefined grid classes can be removed with `.no-gutters`. This removes the negative `margin`s from `.row` and the horizontal `padding` from all immediate children columns. +The gutters between columns in our predefined grid classes can be removed with `.no-gutters`. This removes the negative `margin`s from `.row` and the horizontal `padding` from all immediate children columns. Here's the source code for creating these styles. Note that column overrides are scoped to only the first children columns and are targeted via [attribute selector](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors). While this generates a more specific selector, column padding can still be further customized with [spacing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/). @@ -404,7 +441,7 @@ In practice, here's how it looks. Note you can continue to use this with all oth {% endexample %}
-### Example: Column wrapping +### Column wrapping If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line. @@ -418,9 +455,9 @@ If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra colu {% endexample %}
-### Example: Responsive column resets +### Column resets -With the four tiers of grids available you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a `.clearfix` and our [responsive utility classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/responsive-utilities/). +With the handful of grid tiers available, you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a `.clearfix` and our [responsive utility classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/responsive-utilities/).
{% example html %} @@ -453,7 +490,31 @@ In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to **rese {% endexample %}
-### Example: Offsetting columns +## Reordering + +### Flex order + +Use flexbox utilities for controlling the **visual order** of your content. + +
+{% example html %} +
+
+
+ First, but unordered +
+
+ Second, but last +
+
+ Third, but first +
+
+
+{% endexample %} +
+ +### Offsetting columns Move columns to the right using `.offset-md-*` classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by `*` columns. For example, `.offset-md-4` moves `.col-md-4` over four columns. @@ -473,7 +534,20 @@ Move columns to the right using `.offset-md-*` classes. These classes increase t {% endexample %}
-### Example: Nesting columns +### Push and pull + +Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with `.push-md-*` and `.pull-md-*` modifier classes. + +
+{% example html %} +
+
.col-md-9 .push-md-3
+
.col-md-3 .pull-md-9
+
+{% endexample %} +
+ +## Nesting To nest your content with the default grid, add a new `.row` and set of `.col-sm-*` columns within an existing `.col-sm-*` column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns). @@ -495,18 +569,151 @@ To nest your content with the default grid, add a new `.row` and set of `.col-sm {% endexample %}
-### Example: Column ordering +## Sass mixins -Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with `.push-md-*` and `.pull-md-*` modifier classes. +When using Bootstrap's source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our [predefined grid classes](#predefined-classes) use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts. -
-{% example html %} -
-
.col-md-9 .push-md-3
-
.col-md-3 .pull-md-9
-
-{% endexample %} +### Variables + +Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below. + +{% highlight scss %} +$grid-columns: 12; +$grid-gutter-width-base: 30px; + +$grid-gutter-widths: ( + xs: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px + sm: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px + md: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px + lg: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px + xl: $grid-gutter-width-base // 30px +) + +$grid-breakpoints: ( + // Extra small screen / phone + xs: 0, + // Small screen / phone + sm: 576px, + // Medium screen / tablet + md: 768px, + // Large screen / desktop + lg: 992px, + // Extra large screen / wide desktop + xl: 1200px +); + +$container-max-widths: ( + sm: 540px, + md: 720px, + lg: 960px, + xl: 1140px +); +{% endhighlight %} + +### Mixins + +Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns. + +{% highlight scss %} +// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns +@mixin make-row($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { + display: flex; + flex-wrap: wrap; + + @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { + @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { + $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); + margin-right: ($gutter / -2); + margin-left: ($gutter / -2); + } + } +} + +// Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width) +@mixin make-col-ready($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { + position: relative; + // Prevent columns from becoming too narrow when at smaller grid tiers by + // always setting `width: 100%;`. This works because we use `flex` values + // later on to override this initial width. + width: 100%; + min-height: 1px; // Prevent collapsing + + @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { + @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { + $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); + padding-right: ($gutter / 2); + padding-left: ($gutter / 2); + } + } +} + +@mixin make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { + flex: 0 0 percentage($size / $columns); + width: percentage($size / $columns); + // Add a `max-width` to ensure content within each column does not blow out + // the width of the column. Applies to IE10+ and Firefox. Chrome and Safari + // do not appear to require this. + max-width: percentage($size / $columns); +} + +// Get fancy by offsetting, or changing the sort order +@mixin make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { + margin-left: percentage($size / $columns); +} + +@mixin make-col-push($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { + left: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); +} + +@mixin make-col-pull($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { + right: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); +} +{% endhighlight %} + +### Example usage + +You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between. + +See it in action in this rendered example. + +{% highlight scss %} +.container { + max-width: 60em; + @include make-container(); +} +.row { + @include make-row(); +} +.content-main { + @include make-col-ready(); + + @media (max-width: 32em) { + @include make-col(6); + } + @media (min-width: 32.1em) { + @include make-col(8); + } +} +.content-secondary { + @include make-col-ready(); + + @media (max-width: 32em) { + @include make-col(6); + } + @media (min-width: 32.1em) { + @include make-col(4); + } +} +{% endhighlight %} + +{% highlight html %} +
+
+
...
+
...
+
+{% endhighlight %} ## Customizing the grid diff --git a/docs/layout/media-object.md b/docs/layout/media-object.md index 846330604..a42cda40f 100644 --- a/docs/layout/media-object.md +++ b/docs/layout/media-object.md @@ -7,10 +7,6 @@ group: layout The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) is an abstract element used as the basis for building more complex and repetitive components (like blog comments, Tweets, etc). Included is support for left and right aligned content, content alignment options, nesting, and more. -{% callout info %} -**Heads up!** When [flexbox mode]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/flexbox/) is enabled, the media object will use `flex` styles wherever possible. -{% endcallout %} - ## Contents * Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index 4dcb294dc..ee21b70f2 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ group: layout redirect_from: "/layout/" --- -Bootstrap includes several components and options for laying out your project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes. +Bootstrap includes several components and options for laying out your project, including wrapping containers, a powerful flexbox grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes. ## Contents -- cgit v1.2.3 From 800cfa24ad55fc7d6a4af363a385c84d8d3bf3f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2016 20:53:10 -0800 Subject: overhauls media object docs - better copy and examples throughout - callout on flexbug #12 for inline elements like links and images (which is the problem in #20408) - add order section --- docs/layout/media-object.md | 156 ++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- 1 file changed, 63 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/media-object.md b/docs/layout/media-object.md index a42cda40f..662f72c25 100644 --- a/docs/layout/media-object.md +++ b/docs/layout/media-object.md @@ -5,50 +5,53 @@ description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's media object to construc group: layout --- -The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) is an abstract element used as the basis for building more complex and repetitive components (like blog comments, Tweets, etc). Included is support for left and right aligned content, content alignment options, nesting, and more. +The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) helps build complex and repetitive components where some media is positioned alongside content that doesn't wrap around said media. Plus, it does this with only two required classes thanks to flexbox. ## Contents * Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header {:toc} -## Default media +## Example -The default media allow to float a media object (images, video, audio) to the left or right of a content block. +Below is an example of a single media object. Only two classes are required—the wrapping `.media` and the `.media-body` around your content. Optional padding and margin can be controlled through [spacing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/). {% example html %}
- - Generic placeholder image - + Generic placeholder image
-

Media heading

- Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. +
Media heading
+ Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
{% endexample %} +{% callout warning %} +##### Flexbug #12: Inline elements aren't treated as flex items + +Internet Explorer 10-11 do not render inline elements like links or images (or `::before` and `::after` pseudo-elements) as flex items. The only workaround is to set a non-inline `display` value (e.g., `block`, `inline-block`, or `flex`). We suggest using `.d-flex`, one of our [display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display-property/), as an easy fix. + +**Source:** [Flexbugs on GitHub](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#12-inline-elements-are-not-treated-as-flex-items) +{% endcallout %} + ## Nesting -Media components can also be nested. +Media objects can be infinitely nested, though we suggest you stop at some point. Place nested `.media` within the `.media-body` of a parent media object. {% example html %}
-
- - Generic placeholder image - -
+ Generic placeholder image
-

Media heading

- Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. +
Media heading
+ Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. +
- - Generic placeholder image + + Generic placeholder image
-

Nested media heading

- Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. +
Media heading
+ Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
@@ -57,18 +60,14 @@ Media components can also be nested. ## Alignment -The images or other media can be aligned top, middle, or bottom. The default is top aligned. +Media in a media object can be aligned with flexbox utilities to the top (default), middle, or end of your `.media-body` content. {% example html %}
-
- - Generic placeholder image - -
+ Generic placeholder image
-

Top aligned media

-

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

+
Top-aligned media
+

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

@@ -76,94 +75,65 @@ The images or other media can be aligned top, middle, or bottom. The default is {% example html %}
-
- - Generic placeholder image - -
+ Generic placeholder image
-

Middle aligned media

-

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

-

Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

+
Center-aligned media
+

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

+

Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

{% endexample %} {% example html %}
-
- - Generic placeholder image - + Generic placeholder image +
+
Bottom-aligned media
+

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

+

Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

+
+{% endexample %} + +## Order + +Change the order of content in media objects by modifying the HTML itself, or by adding some custom flexbox CSS to set the `order` property (to an integer of your choosing). + +{% example html %} +
-

Bottom aligned media

-

Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

-

Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

+
Media object
+ Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
+ Generic placeholder image
{% endexample %} ## Media list -With a bit of extra markup, you can use media inside list (useful for comment threads or articles lists). +Because the media object has so few structural requirements, you can also use these classes on list HTML elements. On your `
    ` or `
      `, add the `.list-unstyled` to remove any browser default list styles, and then apply `.media` to your `
    1. `s. As always, use spacing utilities wherever needed to fine tune. {% example html %} -
        +
        • -
          - - Generic placeholder image - -
          + Generic placeholder image
          -

          Media heading

          -

          Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis.

          - -
          - - Generic placeholder image - -
          -

          Nested media heading

          - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. - -
          -
          - - Generic placeholder image - -
          -
          -

          Nested media heading

          - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. -
          -
          -
          -
          - -
          -
          - - Generic placeholder image - -
          -
          -

          Nested media heading

          - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. -
          -
          +
          List-based media object
          + Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
          • -
        • +
        • + Generic placeholder image
          -

          Media heading

          - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. +
          List-based media object
          + Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
          -
          - - Generic placeholder image - +
          • +
        • + Generic placeholder image +
          +
          List-based media object
          + Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9d13fd3fe3d1a4578dde8b2cf0a8c74b1e41405b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Fri, 23 Dec 2016 13:31:09 -0800 Subject: remove old flex utils, update docs to match --- docs/layout/grid.md | 26 +++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index d7391025f..efdf3a937 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Using the `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes, columns can size itself based on the
        {% example html %}
        -
        +
        1 of 3
        @@ -304,10 +304,10 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. ### Vertical alignment -
        +
        {% example html %}
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        @@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of three columns
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        @@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of three columns
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        @@ -348,13 +348,13 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. {% example html %}
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        -
        +
        One of three columns
        @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns.
        {% example html %}
        -
        +
        One of two columns
        @@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of two columns
        -
        +
        One of two columns
        @@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of two columns
        -
        +
        One of two columns
        @@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of two columns
        -
        +
        One of two columns
        @@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. One of two columns
        -
        +
        One of two columns
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From dac31ebf35a25d3236de9b63f6b957c504aa7e58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 14:11:48 -0800 Subject: fixes #21445 remove broken example class from grid docs --- docs/layout/grid.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index efdf3a937..6537f70a1 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Bootstrap includes a powerful mobile-first flexbox grid system for building layo Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It's built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together. -
        +
        @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and Breaking it down, here's how it works: -- Containers (outlined in blue above) provide a means to center your site's contents. Use `.container` for fixed width or `.container-fluid` for full width. -- Rows (outlined in red above) are horizontal groups of columns that ensure your columns are lined up properly. We use the negative margin method on `.row` to ensure all your content is aligned properly down the left side. +- Containers provide a means to center your site's contents. Use `.container` for fixed width or `.container-fluid` for full width. +- Rows are horizontal groups of columns that ensure your columns are lined up properly. We use the negative margin method on `.row` to ensure all your content is aligned properly down the left side. - Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows. - Thanks to flexbox, grid columns without a set width will automatically layout with equal widths. For example, four instances of `.col-sm` will each automatically be 25% wide for small breakpoints. - Column classes indicate the number of columns you'd like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So, if you want three equal-width columns, you can use `.col-sm-4`. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 069a80254f14add187691e82aed606bba7ffbcd4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 14:05:24 -0800 Subject: Document how to break equal width cols to multiple rows Fixes #21287 --- docs/layout/grid.md | 16 ++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 6537f70a1..056561b27 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -230,6 +230,22 @@ Using the `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes, columns can size itself based on the {% endexample %}
        +### Equal-width multi-row + +Create equal-width columns that span multiple rows by inserting a `.w-100` where you want the columns to break to a new line. Make the breaks responsive by mixing the `.w-100` with some [responsive display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display-property/). + +
        +{% example html %} +
        +
        col
        +
        col
        +
        +
        col
        +
        col
        +
        +{% endexample %} +
        + ## Responsive classes Bootstrap's grid includes five tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit. -- cgit v1.2.3 From b9f44d0c8b060d44815eabe8d6d64a9cf901a9ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alice Young Date: Sat, 31 Dec 2016 07:25:52 -0500 Subject: minor rephrasing on layout/overview docs --- docs/layout/overview.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index ee21b70f2..f0decede3 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins: @include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... } {% endhighlight %} -We also have media between the breakpoint's minimum and maximum widths for only the given screen size: +We can also use media queries to target a single segment of screen sizes, using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths: {% highlight scss %} // Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ These media queries are also available via Sass mixins: @include media-breakpoint-only(xl) { ... } {% endhighlight %} -And finally media that spans multiple breakpoint widths: +Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths: {% highlight scss %} // Example @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ And finally media that spans multiple breakpoint widths: @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... } {% endhighlight %} -The Sass mixin for the above example look like that shown beneath: +The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be: {% highlight scss %} @include media-breakpoint-between(md, lg) { ... } -- cgit v1.2.3 From bccb8ce21300f8da0bfefe1fdde9ab9d87994769 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 31 Dec 2016 11:48:55 -0800 Subject: tweak a few more things - adjust some verbiage - change the example to correct some labels and range names --- docs/layout/overview.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index f0decede3..0bf0b33a1 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins: @include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... } {% endhighlight %} -We can also use media queries to target a single segment of screen sizes, using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths: +There are also media queries and mixins for targeting a single segment of screen sizes using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths. {% highlight scss %} // Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) @@ -151,14 +151,14 @@ Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths: {% highlight scss %} // Example -// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up) and Large devices (desktops, 992px and up) +// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... } {% endhighlight %} The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be: {% highlight scss %} -@include media-breakpoint-between(md, lg) { ... } +@include media-breakpoint-between(md, xl) { ... } {% endhighlight %} ## Z-index -- cgit v1.2.3 From ff8d28cf2501773ff6f7833865c8e2b2ebb76a3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Quy Date: Sat, 31 Dec 2016 16:12:28 -0800 Subject: Move .table-responsive from wrapper to .table --- docs/layout/grid.md | 142 +++++++++--------- docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md | 284 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ 2 files changed, 210 insertions(+), 216 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 056561b27..d0f5b2326 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -57,78 +57,76 @@ While Bootstrap uses `em`s or `rem`s for defining most sizes, `px`s are used for See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table. -
        - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        - Extra small
        - <576px -         		- Small
        - ≥576px -         		- Medium
        - ≥768px -         		- Large
        - ≥992px -         		- Extra large
        - ≥1200px -
        Grid behaviorHorizontal at all timesCollapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints
        Max container widthNone (auto)540px720px960px1140px
        Class prefix.col-.col-sm-.col-md-.col-lg-.col-xl-
        # of columns12
        Gutter width30px (15px on each side of a column)
        NestableYes
        OffsetsYes
        Column orderingYes
        -
        + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
        + Extra small
        + <576px +         		+ Small
        + ≥576px +         		+ Medium
        + ≥768px +         		+ Large
        + ≥992px +         		+ Extra large
        + ≥1200px +
        Grid behaviorHorizontal at all timesCollapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints
        Max container widthNone (auto)540px720px960px1140px
        Class prefix.col-.col-sm-.col-md-.col-lg-.col-xl-
        # of columns12
        Gutter width30px (15px on each side of a column)
        NestableYes
        OffsetsYes
        Column orderingYes
        ## Auto-layout columns diff --git a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md index 69f6ae1be..e207737d1 100644 --- a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md +++ b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md @@ -22,153 +22,149 @@ Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versio * You can combine one `.hidden-*-up` class with one `.hidden-*-down` class to show an element only on a given interval of screen sizes. For example, `.hidden-sm-down.hidden-xl-up` shows the element only on medium and large viewports. Using multiple `.hidden-*-up` classes or multiple `.hidden-*-down` classes is redundant and pointless. * These classes don't attempt to accommodate less common cases where an element's visibility can't be expressed as a single contiguous range of viewport breakpoint sizes; you will instead need to use custom CSS in such cases. -
        - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        - Extra small devices - Portrait phones (<544px) - - Small devices - Landscape phones (≥544px - <768px) - - Medium devices - Tablets (≥768px - <992px) - - Large devices - Desktops (≥992px - <1200px) - - Extra large devices - Desktops (≥1200px) -
        .hidden-xs-downVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-sm-downVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-md-downVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-downVisible
        .hidden-xl-down
        .hidden-xs-up
        .hidden-sm-upVisible
        .hidden-md-upVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-upVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-xl-upVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible
        -
        + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
        + Extra small devices + Portrait phones (<544px) + + Small devices + Landscape phones (≥544px - <768px) + + Medium devices + Tablets (≥768px - <992px) + + Large devices + Desktops (≥992px - <1200px) + + Extra large devices + Desktops (≥1200px) +
        .hidden-xs-downVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-sm-downVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-md-downVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-downVisible
        .hidden-xl-down
        .hidden-xs-up
        .hidden-sm-upVisible
        .hidden-md-upVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-upVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-xl-upVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible

        Print classes

        Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print.

        -
        - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        ClassBrowserPrint
        .visible-print-blockVisible
        (as display: block)
        .visible-print-inlineVisible
        (as display: inline)
        .visible-print-inline-blockVisible
        (as display: inline-block)
        .hidden-printVisible
        -
        + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
        ClassBrowserPrint
        .visible-print-blockVisible
        (as display: block)
        .visible-print-inlineVisible
        (as display: inline)
        .visible-print-inline-blockVisible
        (as display: inline-block)
        .hidden-printVisible
        ## Test cases -- cgit v1.2.3 From 20b05e42e33bea09e0632d607e70bcf9552b8d65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Mon, 2 Jan 2017 11:48:51 -0800 Subject: update rest of docs, remove navbar specific modifiers, fix docs example css --- docs/layout/overview.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index 0bf0b33a1..736b9ed12 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ We don't encourage customization of these values; should you change one, you lik $zindex-dropdown-backdrop: 990 !default; $zindex-navbar: 1000 !default; $zindex-dropdown: 1000 !default; -$zindex-navbar-fixed: 1030 !default; -$zindex-navbar-sticky: 1030 !default; +$zindex-fixed: 1030 !default; +$zindex-sticky: 1030 !default; $zindex-modal-backdrop: 1040 !default; $zindex-modal: 1050 !default; $zindex-popover: 1060 !default; -- cgit v1.2.3 From e4c0311626befc89c9462e675059edf9d52b9bb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bardi Harborow Date: Thu, 5 Jan 2017 11:11:50 +1100 Subject: Update broken links. --- docs/layout/grid.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index d0f5b2326..03deb2f55 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout
        -The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our [predefined grid classes](#predefined-classes). Those columns are centered in the page with the parent `.container`. +The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent `.container`. Breaking it down, here's how it works: -- cgit v1.2.3 From af05b889a8b128e534b58cd512af701ef2bc26ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bardi Harborow Date: Fri, 6 Jan 2017 16:35:52 +1100 Subject: Fix media object alignment examples. --- docs/layout/media-object.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/media-object.md b/docs/layout/media-object.md index 662f72c25..74229dc3c 100644 --- a/docs/layout/media-object.md +++ b/docs/layout/media-object.md @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Media in a media object can be aligned with flexbox utilities to the top (defaul {% example html %}
        - Generic placeholder image + Generic placeholder image
        Top-aligned media

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ Media in a media object can be aligned with flexbox utilities to the top (defaul {% example html %}
        - Generic placeholder image + Generic placeholder image
        Center-aligned media

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Media in a media object can be aligned with flexbox utilities to the top (defaul {% example html %}
        - Generic placeholder image + Generic placeholder image
        Bottom-aligned media

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        -- cgit v1.2.3 From a3bc607c1080df2d0bbca03c613aa9e992acb722 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Pierre-Denis Vanduynslager Date: Mon, 16 Jan 2017 00:35:18 -0500 Subject: Remove unused scss variables (#21579) * Remove unused scss variables * Remove unnecessary space * Remove $zindex-navbar from docs * Re-add $progress-box-shadow --- docs/layout/overview.md | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index 736b9ed12..04aa2c9ad 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -169,7 +169,6 @@ We don't encourage customization of these values; should you change one, you lik ```scss $zindex-dropdown-backdrop: 990 !default; -$zindex-navbar: 1000 !default; $zindex-dropdown: 1000 !default; $zindex-fixed: 1030 !default; $zindex-sticky: 1030 !default; -- cgit v1.2.3 From 44684a60e55406a1e918ebcadfe49368fe425ad3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Amy Gori Date: Mon, 16 Jan 2017 00:37:06 -0500 Subject: Correct xs and sm breakpoint values in responsive utilities docs (#21664) --- docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md index e207737d1..c3f0c0090 100644 --- a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md +++ b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md @@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versio Extra small devices - Portrait phones (<544px) + Portrait phones (<576px) Small devices - Landscape phones (≥544px - <768px) + Landscape phones (≥576px - <768px) Medium devices -- cgit v1.2.3 From 3cb252570a0fb2507c7169427569f50a0a1cb031 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Molchany Date: Sat, 21 Jan 2017 18:01:13 -0800 Subject: Update grid layout docs (#21806) Update Mix and match section with correct responsive classes for stacking cols. --- docs/layout/grid.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 03deb2f55..58e51946e 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ Don't want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of {% example html %}
        -
        .col .col-md-8
        +
        .col-12 .col-md-8
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From 091f3b8c246a8e4923f3f156ffbf3e359058d1d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Quy Date: Sun, 22 Jan 2017 11:17:17 -0800 Subject: Change header to use markdown (#21809) Header will now display in the Contents section. --- docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md index c3f0c0090..fdea34bd9 100644 --- a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md +++ b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md @@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versio -

        Print classes

        +## Print classes +

        Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print.

        -- cgit v1.2.3 From 563926717cbc1420218796396fac06c1005447bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Quy Date: Sun, 22 Jan 2017 20:37:14 -0800 Subject: Change to markdown (#21815) --- docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md index fdea34bd9..d1522e558 100644 --- a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md +++ b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md @@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versio ## Print classes -

        Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print.

        +Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print. +
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From 519ecc1c69ddf1f8ba69c021c4450ee131cee391 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Tue, 24 Jan 2017 00:01:44 -0800 Subject: Rename order utilities to intended class names (#21739) * rename order utilities to intended class names * Documentation fixes. --- docs/layout/grid.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 58e51946e..4d0d3e6e8 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -514,13 +514,13 @@ Use flexbox utilities for controlling the **visual order** of your content. {% example html %}
        -
        +
        First, but unordered
        -
        +
        Second, but last
        -
        +
        Third, but first
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From e8015e3f16e87c5ebaf6b10d9f627a1dc7f8fe65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bardi Harborow Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2017 21:42:26 +1100 Subject: Fix broken links. --- docs/layout/grid.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 4d0d3e6e8..31d1f9a81 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ To nest your content with the default grid, add a new `.row` and set of `.col-sm ## Sass mixins -When using Bootstrap's source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our [predefined grid classes](#predefined-classes) use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts. +When using Bootstrap's source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our predefined grid classes use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts. ### Variables -- cgit v1.2.3 From ebe405a01b721b667a37ae5c249077f4cdb3b8bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 12:57:16 -0800 Subject: Start rearranging the docs for a utilities update MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit — Rename display docs page — Move print display utils to display utils page — Drop remaining of responsive utils page as it's being replaced with display utils — Update nav to reflect changes --- docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md | 243 ------------------------------------ docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md | 21 ++++ 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 243 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md create mode 100644 docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md b/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md deleted file mode 100644 index d1522e558..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/responsive-utilities.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,243 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Responsive utilities -description: Use responsive display utility classes for showing and hiding content by device, via media query. -group: layout ---- - -For faster mobile-friendly development, use these utility classes for showing and hiding content by device via media query. Also included are utility classes for toggling content when printed. - -Try to use these on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versions of the same site. Instead, use them to complement each device's presentation. - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - -## Available classes - -* The `.hidden-*-up` classes hide the element when the viewport is at the given breakpoint or wider. For example, `.hidden-md-up` hides an element on medium, large, and extra-large viewports. -* The `.hidden-*-down` classes hide the element when the viewport is at the given breakpoint or smaller. For example, `.hidden-md-down` hides an element on extra-small, small, and medium viewports. -* There are no explicit "visible"/"show" responsive utility classes; you make an element visible by simply not hiding it at that breakpoint size. -* You can combine one `.hidden-*-up` class with one `.hidden-*-down` class to show an element only on a given interval of screen sizes. For example, `.hidden-sm-down.hidden-xl-up` shows the element only on medium and large viewports. Using multiple `.hidden-*-up` classes or multiple `.hidden-*-down` classes is redundant and pointless. -* These classes don't attempt to accommodate less common cases where an element's visibility can't be expressed as a single contiguous range of viewport breakpoint sizes; you will instead need to use custom CSS in such cases. - -
        - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        - Extra small devices - Portrait phones (<576px) - - Small devices - Landscape phones (≥576px - <768px) - - Medium devices - Tablets (≥768px - <992px) - - Large devices - Desktops (≥992px - <1200px) - - Extra large devices - Desktops (≥1200px) -
        .hidden-xs-downVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-sm-downVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-md-downVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-downVisible
        .hidden-xl-down
        .hidden-xs-up
        .hidden-sm-upVisible
        .hidden-md-upVisibleVisible
        .hidden-lg-upVisibleVisibleVisible
        .hidden-xl-upVisibleVisibleVisibleVisible
        - -## Print classes - -Similar to the regular responsive classes, use these for toggling content for print. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        ClassBrowserPrint
        .visible-print-blockVisible
        (as display: block)
        .visible-print-inlineVisible
        (as display: inline)
        .visible-print-inline-blockVisible
        (as display: inline-block)
        .hidden-printVisible
        - -## Test cases - -Resize your browser or load on different devices to test the responsive utility classes. - -Green checkmarks indicate the element **is visible** in your current viewport. - -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on extra small - Extra small -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on small or narrower - Small or narrower -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on medium or narrower - Medium or narrower -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on large or narrower - Large or narrower -
        -
        - -
        - -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on small or wider - Small or wider -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on medium or wider - Medium or wider -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on large or wider - Large or wider -
        -
        - ✔ Visible on extra large - Extra large -
        -
        - -
        - -
        -
        - ✔ Your viewport is exactly extra small - Your viewport is NOT exactly extra small -
        -
        - ✔ Your viewport is exactly small - Your viewport is NOT exactly small -
        -
        - ✔ Your viewport is exactly medium - Your viewport is NOT exactly medium -
        -
        - -
        -
        - ✔ Your viewport is exactly large - Your viewport is NOT exactly large -
        -
        - ✔ Your viewport is exactly extra large - Your viewport is NOT exactly extra large -
        -
        diff --git a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..50f4ce395 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +--- +layout: docs +title: Utilities for layout +description: Use any of our dozens of responsive utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. +group: layout +--- + +For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. Below is a primer on what's included in Bootstrap and how these utilities can help you with layout. + +## Contents + +* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header +{:toc} + +## Changing `display` + +## Flexbox options + +## Margin and padding + +## Toggle `visibility` -- cgit v1.2.3 From c6fdac94154c4493d422e1441a5e52219b976219 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 12:59:14 -0800 Subject: update instances of old classes in the docs --- docs/layout/grid.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 31d1f9a81..738eafe62 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra colu ### Column resets -With the handful of grid tiers available, you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a `.clearfix` and our [responsive utility classes]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/responsive-utilities/). +With the handful of grid tiers available, you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a `.clearfix` and our [responsive display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display/).
        {% example html %} @@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ With the handful of grid tiers available, you're bound to run into issues where,
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        -
        +
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From a607ead34c62007842f8825068367ab95812e04c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 5 Mar 2017 13:03:35 -0600 Subject: fill in docs for layout utils page --- docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md index 50f4ce395..881f3326d 100644 --- a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md +++ b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md @@ -14,8 +14,18 @@ For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens ## Changing `display` +Use our `display` utilities for responsively toggling common values of the `display` property. Mix it with our grid system, content, or components to show or hide them across specific viewports. + ## Flexbox options +Bootstrap 4 is built with flexbox, but not every element's `display` has been changed to `display: flex` as this would add many unnecessary overrides and unexpectedly change key browser behaviors. Most of [our components](/components/) are built with flexbox enabled. + +Should you need to add `display: flex` to an element, do so with `.d-flex` or one of the responsive variants (e.g., `.d-sm-flex`). You'll need this class or `display` value to allow the use of our extra [flexbox utilities](/utilities/flexbox/) for sizing, alignment, spacing, and more. + ## Margin and padding +Use the `margin` and `padding` [spacing utilities](/utilities/spacing/) to control how elements and components are spaced and sized. Bootstrap 4 includes a five-level scale for spacing utilities, based on a `1rem` value default `$spacer` variable. Choose values for all viewports (e.g., `.mr-3` for `margin-right: 1rem`), or pick responsive variants to target specific viewports (e.g., `.mr-md-3` for `margin-right: 1rem` starting at the `md` breakpoint). + ## Toggle `visibility` + +When toggling `display` isn't needed, you can toggle the `visibility` of an element with our [visibility utilities](/utilities/visibility/). -- cgit v1.2.3 From ac3a2fe9bf5bbfb2d0948da260d5353a03cc5b03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 5 Mar 2017 13:04:48 -0600 Subject: add more --- docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md index 881f3326d..12ba7006c 100644 --- a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md +++ b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md @@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ Use the `margin` and `padding` [spacing utilities](/utilities/spacing/) to contr ## Toggle `visibility` -When toggling `display` isn't needed, you can toggle the `visibility` of an element with our [visibility utilities](/utilities/visibility/). +When toggling `display` isn't needed, you can toggle the `visibility` of an element with our [visibility utilities](/utilities/visibility/). Invisible elements will still affect the layout of the page, but are visually hidden from visitors. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2d243086c93e83192668bff431bf44e2c42b467e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 12:00:34 -0700 Subject: clean up mixin docs --- docs/layout/grid.md | 54 ++++++----------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 738eafe62..ab056a8d3 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -630,58 +630,16 @@ Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS {% highlight scss %} // Creates a wrapper for a series of columns -@mixin make-row($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { - display: flex; - flex-wrap: wrap; - - @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { - @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { - $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); - margin-right: ($gutter / -2); - margin-left: ($gutter / -2); - } - } -} +@include make-row($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths); // Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width) -@mixin make-col-ready($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths) { - position: relative; - // Prevent columns from becoming too narrow when at smaller grid tiers by - // always setting `width: 100%;`. This works because we use `flex` values - // later on to override this initial width. - width: 100%; - min-height: 1px; // Prevent collapsing - - @each $breakpoint in map-keys($gutters) { - @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) { - $gutter: map-get($gutters, $breakpoint); - padding-right: ($gutter / 2); - padding-left: ($gutter / 2); - } - } -} - -@mixin make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - flex: 0 0 percentage($size / $columns); - width: percentage($size / $columns); - // Add a `max-width` to ensure content within each column does not blow out - // the width of the column. Applies to IE10+ and Firefox. Chrome and Safari - // do not appear to require this. - max-width: percentage($size / $columns); -} +@include make-col-ready($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths); +@include make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns); // Get fancy by offsetting, or changing the sort order -@mixin make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - margin-left: percentage($size / $columns); -} - -@mixin make-col-push($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - left: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); -} - -@mixin make-col-pull($size, $columns: $grid-columns) { - right: if($size > 0, percentage($size / $columns), auto); -} +@include make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns); +@include make-col-push($size, $columns: $grid-columns); +@include make-col-pull($size, $columns: $grid-columns); {% endhighlight %} ### Example usage -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1a264be8b373419865f55f1c5f92890fd6bcbd03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 12:12:02 -0700 Subject: Redo semantic grid example and make it real in the docs --- docs/layout/grid.md | 35 ++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index ab056a8d3..67a7289f6 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -646,46 +646,47 @@ Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between. -See it in action in this rendered example. - {% highlight scss %} -.container { - max-width: 60em; +.example-container { + width: 800px; @include make-container(); } -.row { + +.example-row { @include make-row(); } -.content-main { + +.example-content-main { @include make-col-ready(); - @media (max-width: 32em) { + @include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { @include make-col(6); } - @media (min-width: 32.1em) { + @include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { @include make-col(8); } } -.content-secondary { + +.example-content-secondary { @include make-col-ready(); - @media (max-width: 32em) { + @include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { @include make-col(6); } - @media (min-width: 32.1em) { + @include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { @include make-col(4); } } {% endhighlight %} -{% highlight html %} -
        -
        -
        ...
        -
        ...
        +{% example html %} +
        +
        +
        Main content
        +
        Secondary content
        -{% endhighlight %} +{% endexample %} ## Customizing the grid -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9596cb5087d591094cdbd9c4936059e99562e8d3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 16:00:51 -0700 Subject: clarify docs a bit more and remove some words; closes #21683 --- docs/layout/grid.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 67a7289f6..73c84f8ce 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a ## Auto-layout columns -Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for equal-width columns. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width. +Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for easy column sizing without an explicit numbered class like `.col-sm-6`. ### Equal-width -For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from `xs` to `xl`. +For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from `xs` to `xl`. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width.
        {% example html %} @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, ### Setting one column width -Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and the others will automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column. +Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.
        {% example html %} @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one col ### Variable width content -Using the `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes, columns can size itself based on the natural width of its content. This is super handy with single line content like inputs, numbers, etc. This, in conjunction with [horizontal alignment](#horizontal-alignment) classes, is very useful for centering layouts with uneven column sizes as viewport width changes. +Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content. Use these classes in conjunction with [horizontal alignment](#horizontal-alignment) classes for centering layouts with uneven column sizes as viewport width changes.
        {% example html %} -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2b3a2b65a97eff40608538946aeba3b4ad3d8aea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 16:01:56 -0700 Subject: doh forgot to save --- docs/layout/grid.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 73c84f8ce..95fd999f3 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one col ### Variable width content -Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content. Use these classes in conjunction with [horizontal alignment](#horizontal-alignment) classes for centering layouts with uneven column sizes as viewport width changes. +Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content.
        {% example html %} -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1e6902d21f7e3fc226a96351539160433edf3ebf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 22:27:24 -0700 Subject: fixes #22133 --- docs/layout/grid.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 95fd999f3..ca3537e84 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -710,10 +710,11 @@ $grid-gutter-widths: ( ### Grid tiers -Moving beyond the columns themselves, you may also customize the number of grid tiers. If you wanted just three grid tiers, you'd update the `$grid-breakpoints` and `$container-max-widths` to something like this: +Moving beyond the columns themselves, you may also customize the number of grid tiers. If you wanted just four grid tiers, you'd update the `$grid-breakpoints` and `$container-max-widths` to something like this: {% highlight scss %} $grid-breakpoints: ( + xs: 0, sm: 480px, md: 768px, lg: 1024px -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9010978c1a1b397a9622e9e9aafeab8de8951a04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 26 Mar 2017 12:37:28 -0700 Subject: add example and document bug behavior to fix #21967 --- docs/layout/grid.md | 16 ++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index ca3537e84..2eb704550 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -162,6 +162,22 @@ For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, {% endexample %}
        +Equal-width columns can be broken into multiple lines, but there is a [Safari flexbox bug](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#11-min-and-max-size-declarations-are-ignored-when-wrapping-flex-items) that prevents this from working without an explicit `flex-basis` or `border`. Our example works thanks to the `border` being set; you can do the same with `.col { border: 1px solid transparent; }`. Alternatively, you can set the flex-basis to the width of the column (e.g., `.col { flex: 1 0 50%; }`). + +
        +{% example html %} +
        +
        +
        Column
        +
        Column
        +
        +
        Column
        +
        Column
        +
        +
        +{% endexample %} +
        + ### Setting one column width Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1d481519750d3ad5018206408bd583d94a11b54d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 26 Mar 2017 12:38:13 -0700 Subject: git that a link too for now --- docs/layout/grid.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 2eb704550..01fbfe493 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -164,6 +164,8 @@ For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, Equal-width columns can be broken into multiple lines, but there is a [Safari flexbox bug](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#11-min-and-max-size-declarations-are-ignored-when-wrapping-flex-items) that prevents this from working without an explicit `flex-basis` or `border`. Our example works thanks to the `border` being set; you can do the same with `.col { border: 1px solid transparent; }`. Alternatively, you can set the flex-basis to the width of the column (e.g., `.col { flex: 1 0 50%; }`). +Both these fixes have been documented in a [reduced test case outside Bootstrap](https://output.jsbin.com/micohor). +
        {% example html %}
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From 7ca078da815320c75862b6cf25f46ce706570279 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 26 Mar 2017 12:53:50 -0700 Subject: fixes #22111 - add .col-*-auto to the extend in our grid framework mixins so it gets padding - this means we can avoid the col-12 classes in our docs for the responsive variants --- docs/layout/grid.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 01fbfe493..7a16c52a7 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width o
        1 of 3
        -
        +
        Variable width content
        @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width o
        1 of 3
        -
        +
        Variable width content
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From c8c51186f58886b114fbcc4e0b01dd2df3d74d36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Cooper Date: Sat, 27 May 2017 04:06:25 +1000 Subject: update equal-width numbering in docs (#22697) --- docs/layout/grid.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 7a16c52a7..97ffd3161 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, 1 of 2
        - 1 of 2 + 2 of 2
        @@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, 1 of 3
        - 1 of 3 + 2 of 3
        - 1 of 3 + 3 of 3
        -- cgit v1.2.3 From fa2731b6264ad44c6d2600b7a4efab0ddaca7a06 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sat, 27 May 2017 22:12:00 -0700 Subject: update layout pages --- docs/layout/grid.md | 10 ++-------- docs/layout/media-object.md | 10 +++------- docs/layout/overview.md | 8 +------- docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md | 10 ++-------- 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md index 97ffd3161..d0bfe416a 100644 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ b/docs/layout/grid.md @@ -1,17 +1,11 @@ --- layout: docs title: Grid system -description: Documentation and examples for using Bootstrap's responsive flexbox grid system. +description: Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes. group: layout +toc: true --- -Bootstrap includes a powerful mobile-first flexbox grid system for building layouts of all shapes and sizes. It's based on a 12 column layout and has multiple tiers, one for each [media query range]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints). You can use it with Sass mixins or our predefined classes. - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - ## How it works Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It's built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together. diff --git a/docs/layout/media-object.md b/docs/layout/media-object.md index 74229dc3c..5023e4580 100644 --- a/docs/layout/media-object.md +++ b/docs/layout/media-object.md @@ -3,17 +3,13 @@ layout: docs title: Media object description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's media object to construct highly repetitive components like blog comments, tweets, and the like. group: layout +toc: true --- -The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) helps build complex and repetitive components where some media is positioned alongside content that doesn't wrap around said media. Plus, it does this with only two required classes thanks to flexbox. - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - ## Example +The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) helps build complex and repetitive components where some media is positioned alongside content that doesn't wrap around said media. Plus, it does this with only two required classes thanks to flexbox. + Below is an example of a single media object. Only two classes are required—the wrapping `.media` and the `.media-body` around your content. Optional padding and margin can be controlled through [spacing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/). {% example html %} diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md index 04aa2c9ad..b167bbc2e 100644 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ b/docs/layout/overview.md @@ -4,15 +4,9 @@ title: Overview description: Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes. group: layout redirect_from: "/layout/" +toc: true --- -Bootstrap includes several components and options for laying out your project, including wrapping containers, a powerful flexbox grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes. - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - ## Containers Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are **required when using our default grid system**. Choose from a responsive, fixed-width container (meaning its `max-width` changes at each breakpoint) or fluid-width (meaning it's `100%` wide all the time). diff --git a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md index 12ba7006c..451d43cd1 100644 --- a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md +++ b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md @@ -1,17 +1,11 @@ --- layout: docs title: Utilities for layout -description: Use any of our dozens of responsive utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. +description: For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. group: layout +toc: true --- -For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. Below is a primer on what's included in Bootstrap and how these utilities can help you with layout. - -## Contents - -* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header -{:toc} - ## Changing `display` Use our `display` utilities for responsively toggling common values of the `display` property. Mix it with our grid system, content, or components to show or hide them across specific viewports. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 3e76d6565603fafa2c85ad81d7b6345c4e279c72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Otto Date: Sun, 28 May 2017 22:50:57 -0700 Subject: Rearrange all the docs to allow for a docs/major.minor/ setup --- docs/layout/grid.md | 742 ------------------------------------ docs/layout/media-object.md | 136 ------- docs/layout/overview.md | 175 --------- docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md | 25 -- 4 files changed, 1078 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 docs/layout/grid.md delete mode 100644 docs/layout/media-object.md delete mode 100644 docs/layout/overview.md delete mode 100644 docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md (limited to 'docs/layout') diff --git a/docs/layout/grid.md b/docs/layout/grid.md deleted file mode 100644 index d0bfe416a..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/grid.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,742 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Grid system -description: Use our powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, five default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes. -group: layout -toc: true ---- - -## How it works - -Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It's built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together. - -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - -The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent `.container`. - -Breaking it down, here's how it works: - -- Containers provide a means to center your site's contents. Use `.container` for fixed width or `.container-fluid` for full width. -- Rows are horizontal groups of columns that ensure your columns are lined up properly. We use the negative margin method on `.row` to ensure all your content is aligned properly down the left side. -- Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows. -- Thanks to flexbox, grid columns without a set width will automatically layout with equal widths. For example, four instances of `.col-sm` will each automatically be 25% wide for small breakpoints. -- Column classes indicate the number of columns you'd like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So, if you want three equal-width columns, you can use `.col-sm-4`. -- Column `width`s are set in percentages, so they're always fluid and sized relative to their parent element. -- Columns have horizontal `padding` to create the gutters between individual columns, however, you can remove the `margin` from rows and `padding` from columns with `.no-gutters` on the `.row`. -- There are five grid tiers, one for each [responsive breakpoint]({{ site.baseurl }}/layout/overview/#responsive-breakpoints): all breakpoints (extra small), small, medium, large, and extra large. -- Grid tiers are based on minimum widths, meaning they apply to that one tier and all those above it (e.g., `.col-sm-4` applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices). -- You can use predefined grid classes or Sass mixins for more semantic markup. - -Be aware of the limitations and [bugs around flexbox](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs), like the [inability to use some HTML elements as flex containers](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#9-some-html-elements-cant-be-flex-containers). - -Sounds good? Great, let's move on to seeing all that in an example. - -## Grid options - -While Bootstrap uses `em`s or `rem`s for defining most sizes, `px`s are used for grid breakpoints and container widths. This is because the viewport width is in pixels and does not change with the [font size](https://drafts.csswg.org/mediaqueries-3/#units). - -See how aspects of the Bootstrap grid system work across multiple devices with a handy table. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
        - Extra small
        - <576px -         		- Small
        - ≥576px -         		- Medium
        - ≥768px -         		- Large
        - ≥992px -         		- Extra large
        - ≥1200px -
        Grid behaviorHorizontal at all timesCollapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints
        Max container widthNone (auto)540px720px960px1140px
        Class prefix.col-.col-sm-.col-md-.col-lg-.col-xl-
        # of columns12
        Gutter width30px (15px on each side of a column)
        NestableYes
        OffsetsYes
        Column orderingYes
        - -## Auto-layout columns - -Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for easy column sizing without an explicit numbered class like `.col-sm-6`. - -### Equal-width - -For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from `xs` to `xl`. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 2 -
        -
        - 2 of 2 -
        -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 3 -
        -
        - 2 of 3 -
        -
        - 3 of 3 -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -Equal-width columns can be broken into multiple lines, but there is a [Safari flexbox bug](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#11-min-and-max-size-declarations-are-ignored-when-wrapping-flex-items) that prevents this from working without an explicit `flex-basis` or `border`. Our example works thanks to the `border` being set; you can do the same with `.col { border: 1px solid transparent; }`. Alternatively, you can set the flex-basis to the width of the column (e.g., `.col { flex: 1 0 50%; }`). - -Both these fixes have been documented in a [reduced test case outside Bootstrap](https://output.jsbin.com/micohor). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        Column
        -
        Column
        -
        -
        Column
        -
        Column
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Setting one column width - -Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 3 -
        -
        - 2 of 3 (wider) -
        -
        - 3 of 3 -
        -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 3 -
        -
        - 2 of 3 (wider) -
        -
        - 3 of 3 -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Variable width content - -Use `col-{breakpoint}-auto` classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 3 -
        -
        - Variable width content -
        -
        - 3 of 3 -
        -
        -
        -
        - 1 of 3 -
        -
        - Variable width content -
        -
        - 3 of 3 -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Equal-width multi-row - -Create equal-width columns that span multiple rows by inserting a `.w-100` where you want the columns to break to a new line. Make the breaks responsive by mixing the `.w-100` with some [responsive display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display-property/). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        col
        -
        col
        -
        -
        col
        -
        col
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -## Responsive classes - -Bootstrap's grid includes five tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit. - -### All breakpoints - -For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the `.col` and `.col-*` classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to `.col`. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        col
        -
        col
        -
        col
        -
        col
        -
        -
        -
        col-8
        -
        col-4
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Stacked to horizontal - -Using a single set of `.col-sm-*` classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked on extra small devices before becoming horizontal on desktop (medium) devices. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        col-sm-8
        -
        col-sm-4
        -
        -
        -
        col-sm
        -
        col-sm
        -
        col-sm
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Mix and match - -Don't want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works. - -
        -{% example html %} - -
        -
        .col-12 .col-md-8
        -
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -
        - - -
        -
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -
        - - -
        -
        .col-6
        -
        .col-6
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -## Alignment - -Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns. - -### Vertical alignment - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        - One of three columns -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Horizontal alignment - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        - One of two columns -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### No gutters - -The gutters between columns in our predefined grid classes can be removed with `.no-gutters`. This removes the negative `margin`s from `.row` and the horizontal `padding` from all immediate children columns. - -Here's the source code for creating these styles. Note that column overrides are scoped to only the first children columns and are targeted via [attribute selector](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors). While this generates a more specific selector, column padding can still be further customized with [spacing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/). - -{% highlight sass %} -.no-gutters { - margin-right: 0; - margin-left: 0; - - > .col, - > [class*="col-"] { - padding-right: 0; - padding-left: 0; - } -} -{% endhighlight %} - -In practice, here's how it looks. Note you can continue to use this with all other predefined grid classes (including column widths, responsive tiers, reorders, and more). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8
        -
        .col-6 .col-md-4
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Column wrapping - -If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-9
        -
        .col-4
        Since 9 + 4 = 13 > 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a new line as one contiguous unit.
        -
        .col-6
        Subsequent columns continue along the new line.
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Column resets - -With the handful of grid tiers available, you're bound to run into issues where, at certain breakpoints, your columns don't clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a `.clearfix` and our [responsive display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display/). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        -
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        - - -
        - -
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        -
        .col-6 .col-sm-3
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -In addition to column clearing at responsive breakpoints, you may need to **reset offsets, pushes, or pulls**. See this in action in [the grid example]({{ site.baseurl }}/examples/grid/). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-sm-5 .col-md-6
        -
        .col-sm-5 .offset-sm-2 .col-md-6 .offset-md-0
        -
        - -
        -
        .col.col-sm-6.col-md-5.col-lg-6
        -
        .col-sm-6 .col-md-5 .offset-md-2 .col-lg-6 .offset-lg-0
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -## Reordering - -### Flex order - -Use flexbox utilities for controlling the **visual order** of your content. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        - First, but unordered -
        -
        - Second, but last -
        -
        - Third, but first -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Offsetting columns - -Move columns to the right using `.offset-md-*` classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by `*` columns. For example, `.offset-md-4` moves `.col-md-4` over four columns. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-md-4
        -
        .col-md-4 .offset-md-4
        -
        -
        -
        .col-md-3 .offset-md-3
        -
        .col-md-3 .offset-md-3
        -
        -
        -
        .col-md-6 .offset-md-3
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -### Push and pull - -Easily change the order of our built-in grid columns with `.push-md-*` and `.pull-md-*` modifier classes. - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        .col-md-9 .push-md-3
        -
        .col-md-3 .pull-md-9
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -## Nesting - -To nest your content with the default grid, add a new `.row` and set of `.col-sm-*` columns within an existing `.col-sm-*` column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns). - -
        -{% example html %} -
        -
        - Level 1: .col-sm-9 -
        -
        - Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6 -
        -
        - Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6 -
        -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} -
        - -## Sass mixins - -When using Bootstrap's source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our predefined grid classes use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts. - -### Variables - -Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below. - -{% highlight scss %} -$grid-columns: 12; -$grid-gutter-width-base: 30px; - -$grid-gutter-widths: ( - xs: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - sm: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - md: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - lg: $grid-gutter-width-base, // 30px - xl: $grid-gutter-width-base // 30px -) - -$grid-breakpoints: ( - // Extra small screen / phone - xs: 0, - // Small screen / phone - sm: 576px, - // Medium screen / tablet - md: 768px, - // Large screen / desktop - lg: 992px, - // Extra large screen / wide desktop - xl: 1200px -); - -$container-max-widths: ( - sm: 540px, - md: 720px, - lg: 960px, - xl: 1140px -); -{% endhighlight %} - -### Mixins - -Mixins are used in conjunction with the grid variables to generate semantic CSS for individual grid columns. - -{% highlight scss %} -// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns -@include make-row($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths); - -// Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width) -@include make-col-ready($gutters: $grid-gutter-widths); -@include make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns); - -// Get fancy by offsetting, or changing the sort order -@include make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns); -@include make-col-push($size, $columns: $grid-columns); -@include make-col-pull($size, $columns: $grid-columns); -{% endhighlight %} - -### Example usage - -You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here's an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between. - -{% highlight scss %} -.example-container { - width: 800px; - @include make-container(); -} - -.example-row { - @include make-row(); -} - -.example-content-main { - @include make-col-ready(); - - @include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { - @include make-col(6); - } - @include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { - @include make-col(8); - } -} - -.example-content-secondary { - @include make-col-ready(); - - @include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { - @include make-col(6); - } - @include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { - @include make-col(4); - } -} -{% endhighlight %} - -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        Main content
        -
        Secondary content
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -## Customizing the grid - -Using our built-in grid Sass variables and maps, it's possible to completely customize the predefined grid classes. Change the number of tiers, the media query dimensions, and the container widths—then recompile. - -### Columns and gutters - -The number of grid columns and their horizontal padding (aka, gutters) can be modified via Sass variables. `$grid-columns` is used to generate the widths (in percent) of each individual column while `$grid-gutter-widths` allows breakpoint-specific widths that are divided evenly across `padding-left` and `padding-right` for the column gutters. - -{% highlight scss %} -$grid-columns: 12 !default; -$grid-gutter-width-base: 30px !default; -$grid-gutter-widths: ( - xs: $grid-gutter-width-base, - sm: $grid-gutter-width-base, - md: $grid-gutter-width-base, - lg: $grid-gutter-width-base, - xl: $grid-gutter-width-base -) !default; -{% endhighlight %} - -### Grid tiers - -Moving beyond the columns themselves, you may also customize the number of grid tiers. If you wanted just four grid tiers, you'd update the `$grid-breakpoints` and `$container-max-widths` to something like this: - -{% highlight scss %} -$grid-breakpoints: ( - xs: 0, - sm: 480px, - md: 768px, - lg: 1024px -); - -$container-max-widths: ( - sm: 420px, - md: 720px, - lg: 960px -); -{% endhighlight %} - -When making any changes to the Sass variables or maps, you'll need to save your changes and recompile. Doing so will out a brand new set of predefined grid classes for column widths, offsets, pushes, and pulls. Responsive visibility utilities will also be updated to use the custom breakpoints. diff --git a/docs/layout/media-object.md b/docs/layout/media-object.md deleted file mode 100644 index 5023e4580..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/media-object.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,136 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Media object -description: Documentation and examples for Bootstrap's media object to construct highly repetitive components like blog comments, tweets, and the like. -group: layout -toc: true ---- - -## Example - -The [media object](http://www.stubbornella.org/content/2010/06/25/the-media-object-saves-hundreds-of-lines-of-code/) helps build complex and repetitive components where some media is positioned alongside content that doesn't wrap around said media. Plus, it does this with only two required classes thanks to flexbox. - -Below is an example of a single media object. Only two classes are required—the wrapping `.media` and the `.media-body` around your content. Optional padding and margin can be controlled through [spacing utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/spacing/). - -{% example html %} -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -
        Media heading
        - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -{% callout warning %} -##### Flexbug #12: Inline elements aren't treated as flex items - -Internet Explorer 10-11 do not render inline elements like links or images (or `::before` and `::after` pseudo-elements) as flex items. The only workaround is to set a non-inline `display` value (e.g., `block`, `inline-block`, or `flex`). We suggest using `.d-flex`, one of our [display utilities]({{ site.baseurl }}/utilities/display-property/), as an easy fix. - -**Source:** [Flexbugs on GitHub](https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs#12-inline-elements-are-not-treated-as-flex-items) -{% endcallout %} - -## Nesting - -Media objects can be infinitely nested, though we suggest you stop at some point. Place nested `.media` within the `.media-body` of a parent media object. - -{% example html %} -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -
        Media heading
        - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. - -
        - - Generic placeholder image - -
        -
        Media heading
        - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
        -
        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -## Alignment - -Media in a media object can be aligned with flexbox utilities to the top (default), middle, or end of your `.media-body` content. - -{% example html %} -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -
        Top-aligned media
        -

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        -

        Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -{% example html %} -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -
        Center-aligned media
        -

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        -

        Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -{% example html %} -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -
        Bottom-aligned media
        -

        Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus.

        -

        Donec sed odio dui. Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.

        -
        -
        -{% endexample %} - -## Order - -Change the order of content in media objects by modifying the HTML itself, or by adding some custom flexbox CSS to set the `order` property (to an integer of your choosing). - -{% example html %} -
        -
        -
        Media object
        - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
        - Generic placeholder image -
        -{% endexample %} - -## Media list - -Because the media object has so few structural requirements, you can also use these classes on list HTML elements. On your `
          ` or `
            `, add the `.list-unstyled` to remove any browser default list styles, and then apply `.media` to your `
          1. `s. As always, use spacing utilities wherever needed to fine tune. - -{% example html %} -
              -
            • - Generic placeholder image -
              -
              List-based media object
              - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
              -
              • -
            • - Generic placeholder image -
              -
              List-based media object
              - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
              -
              • -
            • - Generic placeholder image -
              -
              List-based media object
              - Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. -
              -
              • -
            -{% endexample %} diff --git a/docs/layout/overview.md b/docs/layout/overview.md deleted file mode 100644 index b167bbc2e..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/overview.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Overview -description: Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes. -group: layout -redirect_from: "/layout/" -toc: true ---- - -## Containers - -Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are **required when using our default grid system**. Choose from a responsive, fixed-width container (meaning its `max-width` changes at each breakpoint) or fluid-width (meaning it's `100%` wide all the time). - -While containers *can* be nested, most layouts do not require a nested container. - -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            - -{% highlight html %} -
            - -
            -{% endhighlight %} - -Use `.container-fluid` for a full width container, spanning the entire width of the viewport. - -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            -
            - -{% highlight html %} -
            - ... -
            -{% endhighlight %} - - -## Responsive breakpoints - -Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of [media queries](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries) to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes. - -Bootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges—or breakpoints—in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components. - -{% highlight scss %} -// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) -// No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap - -// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) -@media (min-width: 576px) { ... } - -// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up) -@media (min-width: 768px) { ... } - -// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up) -@media (min-width: 992px) { ... } - -// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) -@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -Since we write our source CSS in Sass, all our media queries are available via Sass mixins: - -{% highlight scss %} -@include media-breakpoint-up(xs) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-up(md) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-up(xl) { ... } - -// Example usage: -@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { - .some-class { - display: block; - } -} -{% endhighlight %} - -We occasionally use media queries that go in the other direction (the given screen size *or smaller*): - -{% highlight scss %} -// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) -@media (max-width: 575px) { ... } - -// Small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px) -@media (max-width: 767px) { ... } - -// Medium devices (tablets, less than 992px) -@media (max-width: 991px) { ... } - -// Large devices (desktops, less than 1200px) -@media (max-width: 1199px) { ... } - -// Extra large devices (large desktops) -// No media query since the extra-large breakpoint has no upper bound on its width -{% endhighlight %} - -Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins: - -{% highlight scss %} -@include media-breakpoint-down(xs) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-down(sm) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-down(md) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -There are also media queries and mixins for targeting a single segment of screen sizes using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths. - -{% highlight scss %} -// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) -@media (max-width: 575px) { ... } - -// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) -@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px) { ... } - -// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up) -@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) { ... } - -// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up) -@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... } - -// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) -@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -These media queries are also available via Sass mixins: - -{% highlight scss %} -@include media-breakpoint-only(xs) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-only(sm) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-only(md) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-only(lg) { ... } -@include media-breakpoint-only(xl) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths: - -{% highlight scss %} -// Example -// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices -@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be: - -{% highlight scss %} -@include media-breakpoint-between(md, xl) { ... } -{% endhighlight %} - -## Z-index - -Several Bootstrap components utilize `z-index`, the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that's been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more. - -We don't encourage customization of these values; should you change one, you likely need to change them all. - -```scss -$zindex-dropdown-backdrop: 990 !default; -$zindex-dropdown: 1000 !default; -$zindex-fixed: 1030 !default; -$zindex-sticky: 1030 !default; -$zindex-modal-backdrop: 1040 !default; -$zindex-modal: 1050 !default; -$zindex-popover: 1060 !default; -$zindex-tooltip: 1070 !default; -``` - -Background elements—like the backdrops that allow click-dismissing—tend to reside on a lower `z-index`s, while navigation and popovers utilize higher `z-index`s to ensure they overlay surrounding content. diff --git a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md b/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md deleted file mode 100644 index 451d43cd1..000000000 --- a/docs/layout/utilities-for-layout.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,25 +0,0 @@ ---- -layout: docs -title: Utilities for layout -description: For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content. -group: layout -toc: true ---- - -## Changing `display` - -Use our `display` utilities for responsively toggling common values of the `display` property. Mix it with our grid system, content, or components to show or hide them across specific viewports. - -## Flexbox options - -Bootstrap 4 is built with flexbox, but not every element's `display` has been changed to `display: flex` as this would add many unnecessary overrides and unexpectedly change key browser behaviors. Most of [our components](/components/) are built with flexbox enabled. - -Should you need to add `display: flex` to an element, do so with `.d-flex` or one of the responsive variants (e.g., `.d-sm-flex`). You'll need this class or `display` value to allow the use of our extra [flexbox utilities](/utilities/flexbox/) for sizing, alignment, spacing, and more. - -## Margin and padding - -Use the `margin` and `padding` [spacing utilities](/utilities/spacing/) to control how elements and components are spaced and sized. Bootstrap 4 includes a five-level scale for spacing utilities, based on a `1rem` value default `$spacer` variable. Choose values for all viewports (e.g., `.mr-3` for `margin-right: 1rem`), or pick responsive variants to target specific viewports (e.g., `.mr-md-3` for `margin-right: 1rem` starting at the `md` breakpoint). - -## Toggle `visibility` - -When toggling `display` isn't needed, you can toggle the `visibility` of an element with our [visibility utilities](/utilities/visibility/). Invisible elements will still affect the layout of the page, but are visually hidden from visitors. -- cgit v1.2.3