feat: support custom randomizer (#2284)

15 files changed, 331 insertions, 88 deletions

diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/api-pages.ts b/docs/.vitepress/api-pages.ts
index ae820604..dad86954 100644
--- a/docs/.vitepress/api-pages.ts
+++ b/docs/.vitepress/api-pages.ts
@@ -30,5 +30,6 @@ export const apiPages = [
   { text: 'System', link: '/api/system.html' },
   { text: 'Vehicle', link: '/api/vehicle.html' },
   { text: 'Word', link: '/api/word.html' },
+  { text: 'Randomizer', link: '/api/randomizer.html' },
   { text: 'Utilities', link: '/api/utils.html' },
 ];
diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/config.ts b/docs/.vitepress/config.ts
index f43896de..12fea107 100644
--- a/docs/.vitepress/config.ts
+++ b/docs/.vitepress/config.ts
@@ -201,6 +201,10 @@ const config = defineConfig({
             link: '/guide/frameworks',
           },
           {
+            text: 'Randomizer',
+            link: '/guide/randomizer',
+          },
+          {
             text: 'Upgrading to v8',
             link: '/guide/upgrading',
           },
diff --git a/docs/guide/randomizer.md b/docs/guide/randomizer.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e03152a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/guide/randomizer.md
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Randomizer
+
+The [`Randomizer`](/api/randomizer) interface allows you to use a custom randomness source within Faker.
+
+::: warning Important
+Faker's default `Randomizer` is sufficient in most cases.
+Change this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal, such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+:::
+
+There are two connected use cases we have considered where this might be needed:
+
+1. Re-Use of the same `Randomizer` within multiple `Faker` instances.
+2. The use of a random number generator from a third party library.
+
+## Using `Randomizer`s
+
+A `Randomizer` has to be set during construction of the instance:
+
+```ts
+import { Faker, Randomizer } from '@faker-js/faker';
+
+const customFaker = new Faker({
+  locale: ...,
+  randomizer: ...,
+});
+```
+
+The following methods take a `Randomizer` as argument:
+
+- [new SimpleFaker(...)](/api/simpleFaker#constructor)
+- [new Faker(...)](/api/faker#constructor)
+
+## Re-Using a `Randomizer`
+
+Sometimes it might be required to generate values in two different locales.
+E.g. a Chinese person might have an English identity to simplify the communication with foreigners.
+While this could also be achieved with two independent `Faker` instances like this:
+
+```ts
+import { fakerEN, fakerZH_TW } from '@faker-js/faker';
+
+fakerZH_TW.seed(5);
+fakerEN.seed(5);
+
+const firstName = fakerZH_TW.person.firstName(); // 炫明
+const alias = fakerEN.person.firstName(); // Arthur
+```
+
+There might be issues regarding reproducibility, when seeding only one of them.
+
+By sharing a `Randomizer` between the two instances, you omit this issue by affecting all instances simultaneously.
+
+::: tip Note
+This gets more important if the seeding happens at a different location than the data generation (e.g. due to nesting).
+:::
+
+```ts
+import { en, Faker, Randomizer, zh_TW } from '@faker-js/faker';
+
+const randomizer: Randomizer = ...;
+
+const customFakerEN = new Faker({
+  locale: en,
+  randomizer,
+});
+
+const customFakerZH_TW = new Faker({
+  locale: [zh_TW, en],
+  randomizer,
+});
+
+randomizer.seed(5);
+// customFakerEN.seed(5); // Redundant
+// customFakerZH_TW.seed(5); // Redundant
+
+const firstName = fakerZH_TW.person.firstName(); // 炫明
+const alias = fakerEN.person.firstName(); // John (different from before, because it is now the second call)
+```
+
+This is also relevant when trying to use faker's random number generator in third party libraries.
+E.g. some libraries that can generate `string`s from a `RegExp` can be customized with a custom random number generator as well,
+and since they will be used in the same context it makes sense to rely on the same randomness source to ensure the values are reproducible.
+
+## Third-Party `Randomizer`s
+
+Sometimes you might want to use a custom/third-party random number generator.
+This can be achieved by implementing your own `Randomizer` and passing it to [supported methods](#using-randomizers).
+
+::: tip Note
+Faker does not ship `Randomizers` for third-party libraries and does not provide support for bridging the gap between libraries.
+The following examples show how the interface can be implemented, but they are not tested for correctness.
+Feel free to submit more `Randomizer` examples for other popular packages.
+:::
+
+### Pure-Rand
+
+The following is an example for a [pure-rand](https://github.com/dubzzz/pure-rand) based `Randomizer`:
+
+```ts
+import { Faker, Randomizer, SimpleFaker } from '@faker-js/faker';
+import { RandomGenerator, xoroshiro128plus } from 'pure-rand';
+
+export function generatePureRandRandomizer(
+  seed: number | number[] = Date.now() ^ (Math.random() * 0x100000000),
+  factory: (seed: number) => RandomGenerator = xoroshiro128plus
+): Randomizer {
+  const self = {
+    next: () => (self.generator.unsafeNext() >>> 0) / 0x100000000,
+    seed: (seed: number | number[]) => {
+      self.generator = factory(typeof seed === 'number' ? seed : seed[0]);
+    },
+  } as Randomizer & { generator: RandomGenerator };
+  self.seed(seed);
+  return self;
+}
+```
diff --git a/scripts/apidoc/fakerClass.ts b/scripts/apidoc/fakerClass.ts
index d7206cf8..ea190cc7 100644
--- a/scripts/apidoc/fakerClass.ts
+++ b/scripts/apidoc/fakerClass.ts
@@ -21,23 +21,33 @@ export async function processFakerClasses(
   return Promise.all(fakerClasses.map(processClass));
 }
 
+export async function processFakerRandomizer(
+  project: ProjectReflection
+): Promise<ModuleSummary> {
+  const randomizerClass = project
+    .getChildrenByKind(ReflectionKind.Interface)
+    .find((clazz) => clazz.name === 'Randomizer');
+
+  return processClass(randomizerClass);
+}
+
 async function processClass(
-  fakerClass: DeclarationReflection
+  clazz: DeclarationReflection
 ): Promise<ModuleSummary> {
-  const { name } = fakerClass;
-  const moduleFieldName = extractModuleFieldName(fakerClass);
+  const { name } = clazz;
+  const moduleFieldName = extractModuleFieldName(clazz);
 
   console.log(`Processing ${name} class`);
 
-  const { comment, deprecated, examples } = analyzeModule(fakerClass);
+  const { comment, deprecated, examples } = analyzeModule(clazz);
   const methods: Method[] = [];
 
-  console.debug(`- constructor`);
-  methods.push(await processConstructor(fakerClass));
+  if (hasConstructor(clazz)) {
+    console.debug(`- constructor`);
+    methods.push(await processConstructor(clazz));
+  }
 
-  methods.push(
-    ...(await processModuleMethods(fakerClass, `${moduleFieldName}.`))
-  );
+  methods.push(...(await processModuleMethods(clazz, `${moduleFieldName}.`)));
 
   return writeApiDocsModule(
     name,
@@ -49,20 +59,20 @@ async function processClass(
   );
 }
 
+function hasConstructor(clazz: DeclarationReflection): boolean {
+  return clazz
+    .getChildrenByKind(ReflectionKind.Constructor)
+    .some((constructor) => constructor.signatures.length > 0);
+}
+
 async function processConstructor(
-  fakerClass: DeclarationReflection
+  clazz: DeclarationReflection
 ): Promise<Method> {
-  const constructor = fakerClass.getChildrenByKind(
-    ReflectionKind.Constructor
-  )[0];
+  const constructor = clazz.getChildrenByKind(ReflectionKind.Constructor)[0];
 
   const signature = selectApiSignature(constructor);
 
-  const method = await analyzeSignature(
-    signature,
-    '',
-    `new ${fakerClass.name}`
-  );
+  const method = await analyzeSignature(signature, '', `new ${clazz.name}`);
 
   return {
     ...method,
diff --git a/scripts/apidoc/generate.ts b/scripts/apidoc/generate.ts
index d1fefe8f..f047cc49 100644
--- a/scripts/apidoc/generate.ts
+++ b/scripts/apidoc/generate.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {
   writeApiSearchIndex,
   writeSourceBaseUrl,
 } from './apiDocsWriter';
-import { processFakerClasses } from './fakerClass';
+import { processFakerClasses, processFakerRandomizer } from './fakerClass';
 import { processFakerUtilities } from './fakerUtilities';
 import { processModules } from './moduleMethods';
 import { loadProject } from './typedoc';
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export async function generate(): Promise<void> {
     ...(await processModules(project)).sort((a, b) =>
       a.text.localeCompare(b.text)
     ),
+    await processFakerRandomizer(project),
     processFakerUtilities(project),
   ]);
   await writeApiPagesIndex(pages.map(({ text, link }) => ({ text, link })));
diff --git a/src/faker.ts b/src/faker.ts
index 43811f05..e6b5889a 100644
--- a/src/faker.ts
+++ b/src/faker.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import { ScienceModule } from './modules/science';
 import { SystemModule } from './modules/system';
 import { VehicleModule } from './modules/vehicle';
 import { WordModule } from './modules/word';
+import type { Randomizer } from './randomizer';
 import { SimpleFaker } from './simple-faker';
 import { mergeLocales } from './utils/merge-locales';
 
@@ -123,6 +124,10 @@ export class Faker extends SimpleFaker {
    *
    * @param options The options to use.
    * @param options.locale The locale data to use.
+   * @param options.randomizer The Randomizer to use.
+   * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+   * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+   * Defaults to faker's Mersenne Twister based pseudo random number generator.
    *
    * @example
    * import { Faker, es } from '@faker-js/faker';
@@ -144,6 +149,15 @@ export class Faker extends SimpleFaker {
      * @see mergeLocales
      */
     locale: LocaleDefinition | LocaleDefinition[];
+
+    /**
+     * The Randomizer to use.
+     * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+     * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+     *
+     * @default generateMersenne32Randomizer()
+     */
+    randomizer?: Randomizer;
   });
   /**
    * Creates a new instance of Faker.
@@ -180,6 +194,10 @@ export class Faker extends SimpleFaker {
    * @param options.locale The locale data to use or the name of the main locale.
    * @param options.locales The locale data to use.
    * @param options.localeFallback The name of the fallback locale to use.
+   * @param options.randomizer The Randomizer to use.
+   * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+   * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+   * Defaults to faker's Mersenne Twister based pseudo random number generator.
    *
    * @example
    * import { Faker, es } from '@faker-js/faker';
@@ -203,6 +221,15 @@ export class Faker extends SimpleFaker {
            * @see mergeLocales
            */
           locale: LocaleDefinition | LocaleDefinition[];
+
+          /**
+           * The Randomizer to use.
+           * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+           * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+           *
+           * @default generateMersenne32Randomizer()
+           */
+          randomizer?: Randomizer;
         }
       | {
           /**
@@ -231,14 +258,18 @@ export class Faker extends SimpleFaker {
   );
   constructor(
     options:
-      | { locale: LocaleDefinition | LocaleDefinition[] }
+      | {
+          locale: LocaleDefinition | LocaleDefinition[];
+          randomizer?: Randomizer;
+        }
       | {
           locales: Record<string, LocaleDefinition>;
           locale?: string;
           localeFallback?: string;
+          randomizer?: Randomizer;
         }
   ) {
-    super();
+    super({ randomizer: options.randomizer });
 
     const { locales } = options as {
       locales: Record<string, LocaleDefinition>;
diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index 000541b7..8adcd384 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -128,5 +128,6 @@ export type { StringModule } from './modules/string';
 export type { SystemModule } from './modules/system';
 export type { VehicleModule } from './modules/vehicle';
 export type { WordModule } from './modules/word';
+export type { Randomizer } from './randomizer';
 export { SimpleFaker, simpleFaker } from './simple-faker';
 export { mergeLocales } from './utils/merge-locales';
diff --git a/src/internal/mersenne/twister.ts b/src/internal/mersenne.ts
index d25e3acf..d97ec716 100644
--- a/src/internal/mersenne/twister.ts
+++ b/src/internal/mersenne.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { Randomizer } from '../randomizer';
+
 /**
  * Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Faker
  *
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@
  *
  * @internal
  */
-export default class MersenneTwister19937 {
+class MersenneTwister19937 {
   private readonly N = 624;
   private readonly M = 397;
   private readonly MATRIX_A = 0x9908b0df; // constant vector a
@@ -323,3 +325,27 @@ export default class MersenneTwister19937 {
   }
   // These real versions are due to Isaku Wada, 2002/01/09
 }
+
+/**
+ * Generates a MersenneTwister19937 randomizer with 32 bits of precision.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function generateMersenne32Randomizer(): Randomizer {
+  const twister = new MersenneTwister19937();
+
+  twister.initGenrand(Math.ceil(Math.random() * Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER));
+
+  return {
+    next(): number {
+      return twister.genrandReal2();
+    },
+    seed(seed: number | number[]): void {
+      if (typeof seed === 'number') {
+        twister.initGenrand(seed);
+      } else if (Array.isArray(seed)) {
+        twister.initByArray(seed, seed.length);
+      }
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/internal/mersenne/mersenne.ts b/src/internal/mersenne/mersenne.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index c823af7e..00000000
--- a/src/internal/mersenne/mersenne.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-import Twister from './twister';
-
-/**
- * Generate seed based random numbers.
- *
- * @internal
- */
-export interface Mersenne {
-  /**
-   * Generates a random float between `[0, 1)`.
-   * This method is called `next` so that it could be used as an [iterator](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols#the_iterator_protocol)
-   */
-  next(): number;
-
-  /**
-   * Sets the seed to use.
-   *
-   * @param seed The seed to use.
-   */
-  seed(seed: number | number[]): void;
-}
-
-/**
- * Generate seed based random numbers.
- *
- * @internal
- */
-export default function mersenne(): Mersenne {
-  const twister = new Twister();
-
-  twister.initGenrand(Math.ceil(Math.random() * Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER));
-
-  return {
-    next(): number {
-      return twister.genrandReal2();
-    },
-    seed(seed: number | number[]): void {
-      if (typeof seed === 'number') {
-        twister.initGenrand(seed);
-      } else if (Array.isArray(seed)) {
-        twister.initByArray(seed, seed.length);
-      }
-    },
-  };
-}
diff --git a/src/modules/number/index.ts b/src/modules/number/index.ts
index a2e64724..9216df7a 100644
--- a/src/modules/number/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/number/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import type { SimpleFaker } from '../..';
 import { FakerError } from '../../errors/faker-error';
 import { bindThisToMemberFunctions } from '../../internal/bind-this-to-member-functions';
-import type { Mersenne } from '../../internal/mersenne/mersenne';
 
 /**
  * Module to generate numbers of any kind.
@@ -83,10 +82,9 @@ export class NumberModule {
       throw new FakerError(`Max ${max} should be greater than min ${min}.`);
     }
 
-    const mersenne: Mersenne =
-      // @ts-expect-error: access private member field
-      this.faker._mersenne;
-    const real = mersenne.next();
+    // @ts-expect-error: access private member field
+    const randomizer = this.faker._randomizer;
+    const real = randomizer.next();
     return Math.floor(real * (effectiveMax + 1 - effectiveMin) + effectiveMin);
   }
 
@@ -160,8 +158,8 @@ export class NumberModule {
     }
 
     // @ts-expect-error: access private member field
-    const mersenne: Mersenne = this.faker._mersenne;
-    const real = mersenne.next();
+    const randomizer = this.faker._randomizer;
+    const real = randomizer.next();
     return real * (max - min) + min;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/randomizer.ts b/src/randomizer.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3264ec1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/randomizer.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/**
+ * Interface for a random number generator.
+ *
+ * **Note:** Normally there is no need to implement this interface directly,
+ * unless you want to achieve a specific goal with it.
+ *
+ * This interface enables you to use random generators from third party libraries such as [pure-rand](https://github.com/dubzzz/pure-rand).
+ *
+ * Instances are expected to be ready for use before being passed to any Faker constructor,
+ * this includes being `seed()`ed with either a random or fixed value.
+ *
+ * For more information please refer to the [documentation](/api/randomizer).
+ *
+ * @example
+ * import { Faker, Randomizer, SimpleFaker } from '@faker-js/faker';
+ * import { RandomGenerator, xoroshiro128plus } from 'pure-rand';
+ *
+ * function generatePureRandRandomizer(
+ *   seed: number | number[] = Date.now() ^ (Math.random() * 0x100000000),
+ *   factory: (seed: number) => RandomGenerator = xoroshiro128plus
+ * ): Randomizer {
+ *   const self = {
+ *     next: () => (self.generator.unsafeNext() >>> 0) / 0x100000000,
+ *     seed: (seed: number | number[]) => {
+ *       self.generator = factory(typeof seed === 'number' ? seed : seed[0]);
+ *     },
+ *   } as Randomizer & { generator: RandomGenerator };
+ *   self.seed(seed);
+ *   return self;
+ * }
+ *
+ * const randomizer = generatePureRandRandomizer();
+ *
+ * const simpleFaker = new SimpleFaker({ randomizer });
+ *
+ * const faker = new Faker({
+ *   locale: ...,
+ *   randomizer,
+ * });
+ */
+export interface Randomizer {
+  /**
+   * Generates a random float between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
+   *
+   * @example
+   * randomizer.next() // 0.3404027920160495
+   * randomizer.next() // 0.929890375900335
+   * randomizer.next() // 0.5866362918861691
+   */
+  next(): number;
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the seed to use.
+   *
+   * @param seed The seed to use.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * // Random seeds
+   * randomizer.seed(Date.now() ^ (Math.random() * 0x100000000));
+   * // Fixed seeds (for reproducibility)
+   * randomizer.seed(42);
+   * randomizer.seed([42, 13.37]);
+   */
+  seed(seed: number | number[]): void;
+}
diff --git a/src/simple-faker.ts b/src/simple-faker.ts
index c4ecb8df..49fc3f1c 100644
--- a/src/simple-faker.ts
+++ b/src/simple-faker.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-import type { Mersenne } from './internal/mersenne/mersenne';
-import mersenne from './internal/mersenne/mersenne';
+import { generateMersenne32Randomizer } from './internal/mersenne';
 import { DatatypeModule } from './modules/datatype';
 import { SimpleDateModule } from './modules/date';
 import { SimpleHelpersModule } from './modules/helpers';
 import { NumberModule } from './modules/number';
 import { StringModule } from './modules/string';
+import type { Randomizer } from './randomizer';
 
 /**
  * This is a simplified Faker class that doesn't need any localized data to generate its output.
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export class SimpleFaker {
   }
 
   /** @internal */
-  private readonly _mersenne: Mersenne = mersenne();
+  private readonly _randomizer: Randomizer = generateMersenne32Randomizer();
 
   readonly datatype: DatatypeModule = new DatatypeModule(this);
   readonly date: SimpleDateModule = new SimpleDateModule(this);
@@ -89,9 +89,28 @@ export class SimpleFaker {
    * Creates a new instance of SimpleFaker.
    *
    * In nearly any case you should use the prebuilt `simpleFaker` instances instead of the constructor.
+   *
+   * @param options The options to use.
+   * @param options.randomizer The Randomizer to use.
+   * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+   * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+   * Defaults to faker's Mersenne Twister based pseudo random number generator.
    */
-  constructor() {
-    // This empty constructor just exists for VitePress docs
+  constructor(
+    options: {
+      /**
+       * The Randomizer to use.
+       * Specify this only if you want to use it to achieve a specific goal,
+       * such as sharing the same random generator with other instances/tools.
+       *
+       * @default generateMersenne32Randomizer()
+       */
+      randomizer?: Randomizer;
+    } = {}
+  ) {
+    const { randomizer = generateMersenne32Randomizer() } = options;
+
+    this._randomizer = randomizer;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -211,7 +230,7 @@ export class SimpleFaker {
   seed(
     seed: number | number[] = Math.ceil(Math.random() * Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)
   ): number | number[] {
-    this._mersenne.seed(seed);
+    this._randomizer.seed(seed);
 
     return seed;
   }
diff --git a/test/all_functional.spec.ts b/test/all_functional.spec.ts
index c63592d2..65c9386d 100644
--- a/test/all_functional.spec.ts
+++ b/test/all_functional.spec.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ const IGNORED_MODULES = [
   'rawDefinitions',
   'definitions',
   'helpers',
-  '_mersenne',
+  '_randomizer',
   '_defaultRefDate',
 ];
 
diff --git a/test/faker.spec.ts b/test/faker.spec.ts
index 7a305c94..2ff5aab9 100644
--- a/test/faker.spec.ts
+++ b/test/faker.spec.ts
@@ -68,6 +68,22 @@ describe('faker', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('randomizer', () => {
+    it('should be possible to provide a custom Randomizer', () => {
+      const customFaker = new Faker({
+        locale: {},
+        randomizer: {
+          next: () => 0,
+          seed: () => void 0,
+        },
+      });
+
+      expect(customFaker.number.int()).toBe(0);
+      expect(customFaker.number.int()).toBe(0);
+      expect(customFaker.number.int()).toBe(0);
+    });
+  });
+
   // This is only here for coverage
   // The actual test is in mersenne.spec.ts
   describe('seed()', () => {
diff --git a/test/mersenne.spec.ts b/test/mersenne.spec.ts
index 11b174f4..3f40da2c 100644
--- a/test/mersenne.spec.ts
+++ b/test/mersenne.spec.ts
@@ -1,23 +1,23 @@
 import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
-import type { Mersenne } from '../src/internal/mersenne/mersenne';
-import mersenneFn from '../src/internal/mersenne/mersenne';
+import { generateMersenne32Randomizer } from '../src/internal/mersenne';
+import type { Randomizer } from '../src/randomizer';
 import { seededRuns } from './support/seededRuns';
 import { times } from './support/times';
 
 const NON_SEEDED_BASED_RUN = 25;
 
 describe('mersenne twister', () => {
-  const mersenne: Mersenne = mersenneFn();
+  const randomizer: Randomizer = generateMersenne32Randomizer();
 
   describe.each(
     [...seededRuns, ...seededRuns.map((v) => [v, 1, 2])].map((v) => [v])
   )('seed: %j', (seed) => {
     beforeEach(() => {
-      mersenne.seed(seed);
+      randomizer.seed(seed);
     });
 
     it('should return deterministic value for next()', () => {
-      const actual = mersenne.next();
+      const actual = randomizer.next();
 
       expect(actual).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ describe('mersenne twister', () => {
     ])
   )('random seeded tests %j', (seed) => {
     beforeAll(() => {
-      mersenne.seed(seed);
+      randomizer.seed(seed);
     });
 
     describe('next', () => {
       it('should return random number from interval [0, 1)', () => {
-        const actual = mersenne.next();
+        const actual = randomizer.next();
 
         expect(actual).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
         expect(actual).toBeLessThan(1);